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MUSLIM EUROPE: meter at 4:49 (of Total 07:32) see:

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Auteur : Anne Le Nir, Posted by Aldeeb at 21 h 51 min The following blog is intended as a source of information and a forum for debate without censorship about religions in general and Islam in particular. Any criticism of Islam is not customs clearance other religions and ideologies. 31 AUGUST 2010: Gaddafi wants that Islam will become the religion of all Europe

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August31,2010 Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi was on Monday an official visit to Rome colorful and marked by controversy, in particular a call for Islam to become “the religion of all of Europe.” Bedouin tent planted in the garden of the Ambassador of Libya, horses transported by special flight to Tripoli and especially two encounters with young women interspersed with provocative statements: Gaddafi has stepped escapades since his arrival Sunday.

Came to celebrate with his friend Silvio Berlusconi the second anniversary of the Treaty of Friendship on 30 August 2008, which ended the dispute over the colonial period, Gaddafi gave Sunday evening and Monday afternoon two lessons on Islam respectively 500 and 200 women, selected by an escort agency and paid for 80 euros.

The President of the Italian Centre feminine, Maria Pia Campanile has criticized this “meeting between Libyan leader

Gaddafi sultan and a group consisting of girls recruited condition of being young, beautiful and shut up.”

“Europe should convert to Islam,” said Colonel Gaddafi, according to members of his audience Sunday night, raising a large controversy. Monday, according to one participant, Gadhafi has recurred saying that “women are more respected in Libya than in the West” and inviting assistance to Libyan men to marry.

“Islam is the last religion and if we must have faith that one must be faith in Muhammad,” he said, according to the participant.

Mario Borghezio, a member of the populist Northern League (majority rule) expressed concern about a “dangerous project of Islamization of Europe” to be wary of inviting Gaddafi and his “philosophy of carpet merchant , “in an allusion to large contracts with the key of his visit to Italy.

I congratulate Kadhafi on his courage, 03 sept 2010 The Libyan leader Mouammar Kadhafi pleaded that Islam becomes « the religion of all Europe », and this was announced in front of 500 young women gathered in Rome where he does an official visit, reported Monday the Italian medias. http://photo.lejdd.fr/media/images/international/europe/mouammar-kadhafi-rome-fao/1187150-1-fre-FR/Mouammar-Kadhafi-Rome-FAO_pics_809.jpg

This meeting held in Rome, the heart of papacy, has been perceived as nothing less than intentional « provocation ». It showed « lack of respect towards the pope and Italy, as a country with a Catholic majority », a spokesman of the Vatican congregation stated. Others were shocked. I applaud with both hands Kadhafi’s courage. And why qualify his statement as provocation? To preach his own religion to others is a duty for a Muslim, and a right recognized to everyone by article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which says:

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance

If rebuke is possible, it is to the Pope and the Western leaders who don’t have the courage of Kadhafi to preach Christianity to Muslims who are in the West and during their visits in the Muslim countries.

08 SEPT.2010 recently a “so-called”Muslim criticized me for having praised al-Qathafi for preaching Islam to Rome.

al-Qathafi arrived in a white limousine to lecture the girls on the superiority of Islam and how they should all convert.

Muammar Gaddafi gave a lesson on Islam and copies of the Koran to a few hundred young Italian women on he arrival in Rome for his fourth visit in a year.

al-Qathafi & Frattini

Monday, 16 November 2009 ‘Give me 500 beautiful Italian girls’: Gaddafi recruits escorts to convert to Islam during Rome summit

Gaddafi girls: Women recruited to attend a reception held by the Libyan leader leave with copies of the Holy Quran and the Green Book.

It was the second time the Libyan leader – who travels with female bodyguards and fancies himself a self-styled feminist – to openly promote Islam in Rome.

Colonel Gaddafi asked an escort agency to supply 500 ‘beautiful Italian girls’ for a gala evening at which he tried to convert them to Islam, it emerged today.

The 67-year-old leader also requested that they ‘were aged between 18 and 35 years old, did not wear mini skirts or plunging necklines but high heels were ok.’

The women, all glamorously dressed, were told to meet at a hotel in the centre of Rome, where he is attending a summit on world food security, before being taken to the Libyan Ambassador’s residence in the city.

The girls, a mixture of blondes, brunettes and black haired beauties dressed in heels, socking and three quarter length coats, were seen queuing up to go through security checks.

Several of them were turned away after being told they were inappropriately dressed or they were too short.

Bizarre: Colonel Gaddafi carried out the stunt while at the the FAO food security summit in Rome (above)

Once inside – and after an hour’s delay – Gaddafi arrived in a white limousine to lecture the girls on the superiority of Islam and how they should all convert.

He also gave a talk on the Muslim Koran and gave all the girls a copy as a gift as well as a signed version of his Green Book on democracy and political philosophy, written in 1975.

The all-female event took place at the same time as other leaders’ wives were attending a forum to discuss food poverty, led by Suzanne Mubarak, wife of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.

The event in Rome has attracted several world leaders but Britain, the United States, Russia and other economic powerhouses are absent from the three-day event being held by the Food and Agriculture Organisation.

al-WQathafi has a habit of making a simple request when travelling abroad – usually it is for a Bedouin tent to be pitched in the grounds of a park.

And on earlier visit to Rome this year he asked to speak to an audience of businesswomen.

However, this time, his lecture did not go down well with many of the girls – who were also given a 50-euro cash tip – with many of them complaining they ‘felt offended as women and for their religion.’

One blonde woman who did not give her name said: ‘I was particularly offended when he said we believed that Christ had been crucified but he hadn’t, instead it was someone who looked like him and that God had saved Christ.’

Glamorous: The women were told not to wear mini skirts to the gala – but the dictator insisted ‘heels are OK’

While another girl said: ‘I thought we were going to a party – we didn’t even get a glass of water or some salty snacks.’

But Alessandro Londero, of Rome based Hostessweb, who claims his agency is ‘one of the biggest in Europe with more than 65,000 girls’ on its books, insisted: {{ ‘It was a very enjoyable experience and the girls were captivated by the evening.

‘some of them have already been in touch with me to express an intrest in going to Libya and seeing the place for themselves and speaking further with al-Qathafi about converting to Islam.

‘He gave the girls Italian translations of the Holy Quran and of his Green Book and he said he would be in touch with them to test them and make sure they had read them.}}

Arriving in style: Some of the women were ferried to the Libyan ambassador’s official Rome residence in limo

{{‘One thing I do want to stress is that none of the girls spent the night there – I counted them all in and I counted them all out.

There was nothing untoward it was simply an interesting evening of discussion.’}}

Mr. Londero said that another similar event had been organised for tonight and tomorrow night.

He added:

‘I don’t know where or what will happen all I know is that we have to be outside the office and coaches will pick the girls up.’

Before the summit today Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi embraced al-Qathafi.

‘Friends’: Silvio Berlusconi reviews one of Gaddafi’s female guards during a visit by the leader (left) in June

Gaddafi described Berlusconi as his ‘close friend’ and in return he told Muammar al-Qathafi (who is famous for his long speeches) joked ‘just five minutes please, although we live in hope’.

In his ten-minute speech Gaddafi said that ‘all promises at previous summits had been in vain’ but he praised Italy for ‘playing a significant role in fighting food security’.

Haffed Gadur, Libya’s ambassador to Italy, said:

‘The colonel wanted to meet the Italian girls to simply tell them that Islam was not against women.’

ISLAM honors LIFE:

Meanwhile, the “West” aborts humanity, killing innocents while yet in the womb! and later by depleted uranium bombs, and sexual abhorances.

Daily Mail

Gaddafi on Da’awa Trip in Italy by SHEIKYERMAMI on 30 AUGUST 2010

The Age: Italian women get cash, Green Book and Holy Qurans

The illustrious al-Qathafi is day late : Italy just refused to recognize Islam as an official religion (JW)

Michela, who asked that her last name not be used, told Associated Press Television News that

three of the participants converted to Islam on the spot on Sunday. She said:

“It was a really beautiful meeting and went very well. He is very easygoing and he gave us a copy of the “Holy Quran” and the “Green Book”.

Three girls converted themselves to Islam during the ceremony. It was a beautiful event.”

Other participants, though, identifying themselves as Roman Catholics in this overwhelmingly Catholic country, said Muammar al-Qathafi had urged others to convert.

Between 200 and 500 young women attended, arriving in 10 buses at the Libyan ambassador’s residence just as al-Qathafi’s plane was landing at Rome’s Ciampino airport at the start of a two-day visit.

The visit, amid steadily improving business ties between Libya and its former colonial ruler, also marked the second anniversary of a friendship treaty in which Italy agreed to pay Libya $US5 billion as compensation for its 30-year occupation, which ended in 1943.

When al-Qathafi was in Italy in November for a UN food summit, he hosted 200 young Italian women who had been recruited and paid 50 euros (about $A70) to attend.

Then, too, he gave a lecture on Islam and handed out copies of the Holy Quran.

This time around, the women wouldn’t say how much they had been paid, only that they had received a small “reimbursement”.

During his first visit to Italy in June 2009, al-Qathafi invited 700 prominent Italian businesswomen and female politicians to listen to a lecture in which he criticised SAUDI ARABIA’s treatment of women, (a country in which only male can drive).

December 12, 2008: The Hajj and Eid al-Adha Yesterday marked the end of the Muslim festival Eid al-Adha, or “Feast of Sacrifice” – which also marks the end of the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. One of the pillars of Islamic faith, the Hajj must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by any Muslim who has the ability to do so. This year, nearly 3 million Muslims made the Hajj, without major incident, and are now returning to their homes across the world. Muslims who stayed closer to home celebrated Eid al-Adha, commemorating the the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son to God. Traditional practices include ritual prayers, the sacrifice of animals (usually sheep), distribution of the meat amongst family, friends and the poor, and visiting with relatives. (41 photos total)

Muslim pilgrims perform the “Tawaf” ritual around the Kaaba at Mecca’s Grand Mosque before leaving the holy Saudi city at the end of the annual Hajj pilgrimage on December 10, 2008. The official Saudi News Agency (SPA) reported that the most recent statistics put the total number of pilgrims this year at more than 2.4 million, almost 1.73 million from abroad and 679,000 from within the kingdom, mostly foreign residents. (KHALED DESOUKI/AFP/Getty Images) - See more at: http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/religion/#sthash.TOQDWDTx.dpuf

November 27, 2009 Eid al-Adha and the Hajj, 2009 Today, November 27th, marks the beginning of 2009′s Eid al-Adha, the Muslim “Festival of Sacrifice”, commemorating the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son to God. Muslims around the world will celebrate by slaughtering animals to commemorate God’s gift of a ram to substitute for Abraham’s son, distributing the meat amongst family, friends and the poor. Eid al-Adha also takes place immediately after the Hajj, a pilgrimage to Mecca that is a pillar of Islamic Faith. Some 2.5 million Muslim faithful from all over the world descended on Mecca this year, many encountering an unusual occurance: heavy flooding due to recent torrential rains. Collected below are photographs from this year’s Hajj and observance of Eid al-Adha. (38 photos total)

A Muslim pilgrim prays near where the Hiraa cave is located, at the top of Noor Mountain on the outskirts of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Tuesday, Nov. 24, 2009. According to tradition, Islam’s Prophet Mohammed received his first message to preach Islam while he was praying in the cave. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) - See more at: http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/religion/#sthash.TOQDWDTx.dpuf

15 November 2010 Hajj 2010 Yesterday marked the start of the Hajj, the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Press Agency said that a record number of Muslims were expected to make the Hajj this year – over 3.4 million anticipated over the five days of the pilgrimage. One of the pillars of Islamic faith, the Hajj must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by any Muslim who has the ability to do so. Pilgrims perform a series of rituals including walking around the Kaaba, standing vigil on Mount Arafat and a ritual Stoning of the Devil. At the end of the Hajj, on November 16th, the three day festival of Eid al-Adha begins around the world. (34 photos total)

A Muslim pilgrim prays atop Mount Al-Noor during the annual Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca November 9, 2010. (REUTERS/Mohammed Salem) - See more at: http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/religion/#sthash.TOQDWDTx.dpuf

07 November 2011 The Hajj and Eid al-Adha The Hajj pilgrimage draws millions of Muslims from around the world every year to Mecca, the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, Islam’s holiest place. Saudi Arabia expects to host perhaps three million people in a ritual journey that every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it must make at least once in their lifetime. It is the largest annual gathering of humanity anywhere. Timed to the Muslim lunar calendar, the Hajj is followed by the celebrations of the three-day festival of Eid al-Adha, or the Feast of Sacrifice, which symbolizes Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son. Collected here are photographs of the Hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, as well as images of preparations for the Hajj and Eid al-Adha in many other parts of the Muslim world. – Lane Turner (42 photos total)

A Muslim pilgrim prays as visits the Hiraa cave at the top of Noor Mountain on the outskirts of Mecca, Saudi Arabia on 02 November 2011. According to tradition, Islam’s Prophet Mohammed received his first message to preach Islam while he was praying in the cave. (Hassan Ammar/AP) - See more at: http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/religion/#sthash.TOQDWDTx.dpuf

We may have feelings that we want towards Muammar al-Qathafi, but being from Europe, particularly Italy, preaching Islam, as head of state, no one can deny him that right. This is guaranteed by Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed by him …. but also to you …. and me.

I sincerely hope that the Pope, instead of these bows, go into the stadiums in Morocco and other Muslim countries to preach Christianity, with the right to baptize those who wish to openly … as does al-Qathafi in Rome. … So, enjoy the al-Qathafi courage to remind Muslims and Muslim regimes that they claim the right in Europe must also be given to non-Muslims in Muslim countries.

Again congratulations to al-Qathafi for his courage, and shame on our political, intellectual, spiritual and academic who wear bow the language of wood before their anti-Islam propaganda….

Muammar Gaddafi calls for jihad on Swiss after ban on building minarets

Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi delivers a speech behind bullet proof glass, at the city of Benghazi, Libya, Thursday, Feb. 25, 2010. Libya’s leader called for a jihad, or holy war, against Switzerland.

{{He added: “There is a big difference between terrorism and jihad.” He sees his version of jihad as being better than the ‘psychologically diseased’ al-Qaeda.

Switzerland, “an infidel, obscene state which is destroying mosques”, was at the very least an ideological enemy. Message don’t given in to every Islamic demand and we will find reason to attack you.

Libyan authorities cut oil supplies to Switzerland, withdrew several billion dollars from Swiss banks…}}

Clearly fuel among other things is used as a weapon ~ by the jihadist

“Any Muslim in any part of the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against Mohammad, God and the Holy Quran,” he said. “The masses of Muslims must go to all airports in the Islamic world and prevent any Swiss plane landing, to all harbours and prevent any Swiss ships docking, inspect all shops and markets to stop any Swiss goods being sold.”

more by Muammar Qathafi: Invoking the Holy Quran ~ here is a similar verse Sura 9:29

{{Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.

“Those who destroy God’s mosques deserve to be attacked through jihad, and if Switzerland was on our borders, we would fight it,” he said. “Jihad against Switzerland, against Zionism, against foreign aggression is not terrorism.” MG}}

He called for a boycott of Switzerland by the Islamic world.

“Any Muslim in any part of the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against Mohammad, God and the Koran.“The masses of Muslims must go to all airports in the Islamic world and prevent any Swiss plane landing, to all harbours and prevent any Swiss ships docking, inspect all shops and markets to stop any Swiss goods being sold.”

Muammar Gaddafi calls for jihad on Swiss after ban on building minarets Holy war is in response to Swiss ban on minarets – but UN chief tells Libyan president to put a sock in it BY Tim Edwards LAST UPDATED AT 12:33 ON Fri 26 Feb 2010 Libyan president Muammar Gaddafi has called for the Muslim world to rise up and wage jihad against Switzerland in the latest escalation of a two-year-old row between the countries – and a UN official in Geneva has weighed in on Switzerland’s side.

Colonel Gaddafi told a televised rally to mark the birthday of the Muslim Prophet Muhammad: “Let us wage jihad against Switzerland, Zionism and foreign aggression. Any Muslim in any part of the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against Muhammad, God and the Koran.”

The holy war, Gaddafi said, was in response to a Swiss referendum in November 2009 that banned the construction of minarets on mosques.

Gaddafi instructed his fellow Muslims to “go to all airports in the Islamic world and prevent any Swiss plane landing, to all harbours and prevent any Swiss ships docking”….

The row began went Europe-wide when Switzerland submitted a list of top Libyans, including Gaddafi, it said should be banned from the Schengen area, the zone free of border controls which includes all EU countries except Britain and Ireland.

In retaliation, Libya banned visas to all citizens of Schengen countries.

Today, Sergei Ordzhonikidze, the United Nations director-general, put Gaddafi in his place, saying: “Such declarations on the part of the head of state are inadmissible in international relations.”

In any case, it is debatable how serious Gaddafi’s call to arms will be taken in the rest of the Muslim world. Given that the majority of countries in the Arab world are dictatorships – and Switzerland is a popular repository for the ill-gotten gains of such regimes – his fellow leaders may object to the insinuation they are “apostates”.

His suggestion that Switzerland is in league with Zionism is also ironic. Israeli-Swiss relations are currently at a low ebb following the Alpine country’s denunciation in November 2008 of Israel’s bulldozing of Palestinian homes, which it called “violations of international humanitarian law” – concerns it repeated six months later. ·

Read more: http://www.theweek.co.uk/people-news/16335/gaddafi-calls-jihad-against-switzerland#ixzz2MCqtkzif

Libyan leader Muammar al-Qathafi delivers a speech behind bullet proof glass, at the city of Benghazi, Libya, Thursday, 25 Feb. 2010. Libya’s leader called for a jihad, or holy war, against Switzerland.

Thursday, 25 February 2010 Gadhafi Calls for Jihad Against Switzerland

Libyan leader Muammar al-Qathafi, center, seen, behind a bullet proof glass above writing that reads in Arabic “The great profit is the duty of the humanity”, in Benghazi, Libya, Thursday, 25 Febr. 2010.

The Libyan leader has a problem with the Swiss minaret ban ~ so he calls for an all out jihad against Switzerland.

He added: “There is a big difference between terrorism and jihad.” He sees his version of jihad as being better than the ‘psychologically diseased’ al-Qaeda.

Switzerland, “an infidel, obscene state which is destroying mosques”, was at the very least an ideological enemy. Libyan authorities cut oil supplies to Switzerland, withdrew several billion dollars from Swiss banks…

Clearly fuel among other things is used as a weapon ~ by the jihad….

The Libyan leader’s call for a holy war was, he said, a response to a Swiss referendum in November to ban the construction of minarets on mosques. “Any Muslim in any part of the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against (the Prophet) Muhammad, God and the Koran,” Colonel Gaddafi said at a rally broadcast on television.He made the speech to mark the Prophet’s birthday, ensuring that many Arabs would take the call seriously.It was not clear how he wanted Muslims to target Switzerland. “The masses of Muslims must go to all airports in the Islamic world and prevent any Swiss plane landing, to all harbours and prevent any Swiss ships docking,” he said, apparently unaware that Switzerland does not have a merchant navy, or coast.He has been attempting to demonstrate to the West that he is not at the helm of a rogue state, that it has no nuclear ambitions or contacts with terrorism. He criticised al-Qaeda during his address, calling it a “a psychological disease”. He added: “There is a big difference between terrorism and jihad.”He made clear that Switzerland, “an infidel, obscene state which is destroying mosques”, was at the very least an ideological enemy. Libyan leader Muammar al-Qathafi called on Thursday for a “jihad” or armed struggle against Switzerland, which he called an infidel state that was destroying mosques. Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi, seen during prayers, after delivering a speech at the city of Benghazi, Libya Thursday, Feb. 25, 2010. Libya’s leader called for a jihad, or holy war, against Switzerland on Thurday because of its ban on mosque minarets..The tea leaves ~ tell of a sign of things to come!Libyan leader Muammar al-Qathafi called on Thursday for jihad (holy war) against Switzerland over the ban adopted last year on the construction of minarets in the country.”It is against unbelieving and apostate Switzerland that jihad ought to be proclaimed by all means,” al-Qathafi said during a speech in the Mediterranean coastal city of Bengazi to mark the birthday of the Muslim Prophet Mohammed.”Jihad against Switzerland, against Zionism, against foreign aggression is not terrorism,” aql-Qathafi said.”Any Muslim around the world who has dealings with Switzerland is an infidel (and is) against Islam, against Mohammed, against God, against the Holy Quran,” the leader told a crowd of thousands in a speech broadcast live on television.In a 29 November referendum, Swiss voters approved by a margin of 57.5 percent a ban on the construction in their country of minarets, the tower that are a signature part of mosques.AFP“Any Muslim in any part of the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against the Prophet Muhammad, God and the Holy Quran,” Muammar al-Qathafi said during a meeting in the eastern Libyan city of Benghazi to mark the prophet’s birthday.”The masses of Muslims must go to all airports in the Islamic world and prevent any Swiss plane landing, to all harbors and prevent any Swiss ships docking, inspect all shops and markets to stop any Swiss goods being sold,” Muammar al-Qathafi said.When Hannibal Gaddafi and his wife were held by Swiss police, the Libyan authorities cut oil supplies to Switzerland, withdrew several billion dollars from Swiss banks. Back in July 2008, Libyan authorities held two Swiss businessmen. A Libyan court later convicted the two businessmen for violation of residency laws. (Under the Great Jamahiriya, only Libyan citizens can own property in Libya; and no one is permitted to rent.) Then, last November, Swiss voters approved a referendum to ban the construction of minarets on mosques. Some analysts in Switzerland said they believed the strong vote in favor of the ban—58% of voters supported the referendum—stemmed in part from resentment in Switzerland over the issue of the businessmen in Libya. Soon after the election, Libya’s government-controlled news agency Jana branded the vote “racist.”But while the vote raised the ire of political and religious leaders in the Muslim world, it hasn’t generated violence or a backlash against Swiss interests abroad, as the Swiss government had originally feared.After the vote, Swiss efforts to convince Tripoli to release the men failed, and political observers said Libya’s continued refusal to release them was in reaction to the minaret vote. One of the businessmen was allowed to leave this week, but the second, Max Göldi, is in prison: Earlier this week, Libya freed one of the men after a court overturned his conviction on appeal, and he has returned to Switzerland. The other man, Max Göldi, the country head in Libya for Swiss engineering group ABB Ltd., has begun a four-month prison sentence in Libya.Bern has restricted the granting of Swiss visas to Libyan citizens. That, in turn, has prompted Tripoli to block the entry of some European citizens into Libya. Tripoli has stopped issuing visas to citizens of the Schengen passport-free zone, which includes most of the European Union as well as Switzerland.On Thursday, Italy said Libya may renege on a deal to help control the flow of undocumented immigrants into the EU because of the visa spat with Switzerland. Libya is often used as a departure point by such immigrants for southern Europe, particularly Italy.Italy, which has close business links with Libya, has accused Switzerland of misusing the Schengen agreement and taking its members “hostage” by instituting the ban, which had forced other Schengen nations to bar travel by Libyans as well.Italian Interior Minister Roberto Maroni said the quarrel put the Schengen zone at risk and could further strain relations with Libya. Swiss Justice Minister Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf met with EU ministers on Thursday to discuss possible solutions to the travel situation.WSJ Some members of the EU, notably Italy, complained that the Swiss have been exploiting the goodwill of the EU, even though they are not members. Berne submitted a list of 188 Libyans it says should be denied entry to the Schengen zone, including Colonel Gaddafi and his sons.Colonel Gaddafi responded by blocking entry to Schengen citizens.Muammar Gaddafi calls for jihad on Swiss after ban on building minarets – Times Online Posted by Cole at 4:52 AM ————————

Gaddafi’s jihad call over Swiss ban on minarets is “a question of honour”

asking individuals across the Arab world to take part in this ~

Jihad is a measure undertaken by an authorised Islamic leader. Mu’ammar al-Qathafi is recognised as being a full- lineage-IMAM.

He is a proper decendant of Muhammed. Only Islamic scholars (and Mu’ammar al-Qathafi is more than just a Great Islamic Scholar!) are permitted to say whether conflict should be interpreted as jihad or not….He has often talked about jihad, about honour, about resistance etc.

Gaddafi made the remarks in Benghazi, Libya’s second-largest city, at a gathering marking the birthday of the prophet Mohammed on Thursday. He declared Switzerland a country of infidels who had “destroyed Allah’s house” and said jihad against the country was “not terrorism”.

A vote passed by the Swiss banning the construction of minarets was grounds for jihad, he said. Switzerland’s foreign ministry has explained to Muslim leaders that the vote was not against Islam and that freedom of worship is still in place.

Libya and Switzerland have been at odds even the brief arrest of Gaddafi’s son, Hannibal Gaddafi, in July 2008** on false charges that he and his pregnant wife mistreated their staff while staying at a hotel in Geneva. After the false, lying and humiliating incident concerning his son Hannibal, and his pregnant daughter-in-law (created by a greedy Hotel employee), Gaddafi hit back at Switzerland by cutting off oil supplies, withdrawing billions of dollars from Swiss banks and refusing visas to Swiss citizens.

The charges were later dropped and the staff compensated. ———————————

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=196292143819134&set=a.157905070991175.32493.100003150495041&type=3&theater

Gaddafi: ‘Switzerland Should be Dissolved as a State’ Interview conducted by Volkhard WindfuhrPosted: 2011/03/06MONEY, Switzerland and the Mafia–SWITZERLAND’s involvement with the NWO “Elite”: It is they who were covertly the true culprits behind all those False-flag “killings” deviously blammed on al-Qathafi in Europe. (They believed they could use al-Qathafi as their “black-sheep patsy”).Der SPIEGEL interview:Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi talked to the SPIEGEL about his friendship with Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, and why he thinks Switzerland is a mafia State.SPIEGEL: Mr. Gadhafi, for years you repeatedly got into shouting matches with the Western world before making your peace with arch-enemy America four years ago. Now you have declared a holy war on tiny Switzerland, of all countries. Why?Gadhafi: Switzerland is one country among many; sometimes you have trouble with one country, sometimes with another. We never had difficulties with Switzerland before. We used to appreciate it as a holiday destination. We used to appreciate its companies and its watches. But then Switzerland began to treat us badly. For example, the minaret issue and the publishing of nasty portrayals of the Prophet. It was necessary to draw a line with the Swiss. That is what I did in my speech in Benghazi to mark the Prophet’s birthday.SPIEGEL: And now Swiss national Max Göldi, who has absolutely nothing to do with this, has to pay for your anger against Switzerland? A man whose visa allegedly expired, who has not been able to leave Libya for nearly two years and has been in prison for months. Why are you doing nothing for him?Gadhafi: Only the courts can decide on this.SPIEGEL: Do you mean to tell us that you don’t have the power to pardon him?Gadhafi: This is a matter for the legal system. But I’m talking now about Switzerland. Switzerland is a state that stands outside the international community. It is not bound by any EU regulations. It is good that it joined the United Nations in 2002, but the whole time before that it was not a member. Why? It wanted to stand above international law. And that has made Switzerland into a mafia.SPIEGEL: Whatever you may now say about Switzerland, previously it didn’t bother you in the least. You did business with the country — your company Tamoil Suisse has dozens of filling stations in Switzerland.Gadhafi: Money is laundered on a grand scale in Switzerland. Anyone who robs a bank later invests the money in Switzerland. Anyone who evades taxes goes to Switzerland. Anyone who wants to deposit money in secret accounts goes to Switzerland. And a large number of owners of such secret accounts have died under mysterious circumstances.SPIEGEL: Excuse me?Gadhafi: Yes, Switzerland is behind it all. SPIEGEL: Don’t Libyans also have secret accounts in Switzerland?

Gadhafi: Yes, there are also Libyans who have such accounts, and many of them have also died in unexplained ways. All around the world, the families of these people are going to sue Switzerland. And one more thing: Switzerland is the only country that allows euthanasia. Why does only Switzerland do that?

SPIEGEL: Medical euthanasia is also legal in the Netherlands. And, it cannot go unmentioned that Libya has previously had citizens killed abroad who were said to be disloyal.

Gadhafi: But we are talking now about Switzerland. It is possible that among the Libyans who you are asking about — and who died abroad — there were also some who died because they had secret accounts in Switzerland.

SPIEGEL: And you are seriously maintaining that Switzerland as a state ordered the killing of these people?

Gadhafi: The investigations will show this. And this brings me back once again to the phenomenon of assisted suicide. A large number of people have been deliberately eliminated under this pretext. Switzerland maintains that these individuals expressed the desire to take their lives. But in reality it was done to get at their money. More than 7,000 people have died like this. I am thus calling for Switzerland to be dissolved as a state. The French part should go to France, the Italian part to Italy and the German part to Germany. Even Ayman al-Zawahiri …

SPIEGEL: … Osama bin Laden’s deputy …

Gadhafi: … took al-Qaida’s money to Switzerland, where it is still located. Switzerland finances terrorism.SPIEGEL: Once again: Even if all of this were as you say — why did this never bother you before?

Gadhafi: We had already noticed that money is laundered in Switzerland and people die in unexplained ways. But recently Switzerland has given itself away.

Part 2: ‘Switzerland Respects no Laws’ SPIEGEL: Doesn’t your anger with Switzerland in reality stem from the fact that your son Hannibal was arrested by police in Geneva in July 2008 and accused of beating up two people in his employment?

Gadhafi: The thing with Hannibal has been nothing but a source of enjoyment for Switzerland. This is a gang that doesn’t care about law and order. The way they treated Hannibal proves that Switzerland respects no laws. A man employed by my son brought accusations against him so that he could remain in Switzerland. They can lock him up — but please do so within the law. The police acted like a gang. They were dressed in plain clothes and they broke down the door, put my son in chains and brought his wife to a hospital. They left his daughter, who is one or two years old, alone back at the hotel. Then they put him handcuffed in a cold storage room, and at times in a bathroom — exactly the way al-Qaida treats its victims. An act of terrorism.

SPIEGEL: According to the Swiss authorities, something entirely different happened in Geneva. They say that your son beat up two people there.

Gadhafi: No, no. Nothing like that happened. Switzerland has not said that to me nor to anyone else. I’m hearing this now for the first time.

SPIEGEL: But similar things have also happened elsewhere. Your sons have also run into trouble with the police in London, Paris and Germany. What do you say to them when something like this happens?

Gadhafi: These are cases of youthful exuberance. In France, for example, my son allegedly drove through a red light. That is normal and nothing out of the ordinary.

SPIEGEL: Allow us to ask once again: Are you really hearing today for the first time that your son allegedly severely beat two people?

Gadhafi: Yes, I’m hearing this now for the first time. All I heard was that the employee complained that Hannibal and his family had mistreated him. I oppose such behavior, whether it is in Switzerland, in Libya or elsewhere. What I am protesting against is the way action is being taken against him.

SPIEGEL: While we are talking about your sons — which of the seven is closest to you?

Gadhafi: I love all of my sons equally. The question of which of them I prefer doesn’t even arise.

SPIEGEL: In Europe it was presumed for a long time that your second-born, Saif al-Islam, would be your successor.

Gadhafi: I am not a king; I don’t need a successor to the throne. (Laughs.) In Libya the people rule.

SPIEGEL: Your son told us that, as a matter of principle, the office of revolutionary leader cannot be inherited.

Gadhafi: That is correct.

SPIEGEL: Saif al-Islam has negotiated in a number of hostage-taking situations and is respected abroad. Even if he doesn’t become your successor, what plans do you have for him?

Gadhafi: He has studied and is well-read; he is a man of the world and has reached an age where he requires no more help from me.

SPIEGEL: He has criticized you on occasion, for example, in the case of the Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor who spent eight years in prison because they allegedly deliberately infected Libyan children with HIV. Saif al-Islam admitted that the women had been tortured.

Gadhafi: The investigations have produced other results. I still believe that there was a conspiracy to kill the Libyan children.

SPIEGEL: You have recently been to Europe on a number of occasions. Who do you see as your closest friend among the European heads of state and government?

Gadhafi: My closest friend in Europe is Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, but a few others are also close to me.

SPIEGEL: What do you think of German Chancellor Angela Merkel?

Gadhafi: She is a strong personality. More like a man than a woman. But I have never had a conversation with her.

SPIEGEL: Merkel’s predecessor Gerhard Schröder visited you in Libya. Would you accept an invitation to Germany?

Gadhafi: Of course I would accept such an invitation.

_ Publié le 03/03/2010 | 23:50

Tripoli impose un embargo économique à Berne

Le colonel Mouammar Kadhafi

France 3 Libya has imposed an economic embargo and Wednesday trading in Switzerland The announcement comes a week after the apppel for jihad against the Helvetic Confederation launched by Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi.

Relations between Tripoli and Bern have deteriorated in 2008 when a Hannibal Gaddafi and his wife were arrested in a Geneva hotel and falsely accused of abusing their servants.

The couple was released and the Swiss courts waived prosecution when the two servants withdrew their complaint after reaching a settlement with their employers. Obviously, they were only after money!

“The General People’s Committee (cabinet) decided embrago an economic and business of the Swiss state involving public and private sectors,” said the statement from Tripoli. The statement also indicates that Libya has renounced the “electrics and other projects” with Swiss companies unspecified.

Swiss exports to Libya accounted for 156.2 million Swiss francs in 2009, representing 0.08% of all Swiss exports, according to the website of the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs.

25 February Gaddafi called for “jihad” against Switzerland which he described as infidel state that destroys mosques. “Every Muslim anywhere in the world who works with Switzerland is an apostate, is against (the Prophet) Muhammad, God and the Koran,” he said.

The Swiss electorate voted by 57.5% in November to ban minarets in a referendum supported by an extreme right party.

**:2008 : the arrest of Hannibal Gaddafi, who had no diplomatic immunity, by the Geneva police for a falsied “money-scheme” claiming mistreatment of hotel- servants 3 (see diplomatic crisis between Switzerland and Libya ( from 2008 to 2009) ).

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swissinfo.ch: Why has Gaddafi launched this call for jihad now, months after the outcome of the vote on banning minarets in Switzerland?

Reinhard Schulze: I think the main reason is that Gaddafi is trying to address an Islamic public which is not specifically orientated to the West, to the European public.

He wants to get a position within the Islamic public which gives him the power to say that he is the leader of the Islamic world. That’s why he used the birthday of the prophet Mohammed and the assembly where people had gathered to make his call. The Libyan media say that about 90 delegations from 90 countries were coming to Benghazi.

In this respect he is trying to give himself the image of being a leader of the Islamic world. He uses specific topics which seem to be discussed in the Islamic world and tries to show that it is a question of honour of Islam etc. That’s why he uses the Swiss question as the main topic.

swissinfo.ch: Why is Gaddafi so angry with Switzerland?

R.S.: It’s again a question of anger, of honour, family honour. It has not been resolved. From his point of view Switzerland did not tackle the problem at all, from his point of view Switzerland is acting only on a diplomatic, political level and is not addressing the question which for the Libyan system is very important – the question of honour.

The Great Jamahiriya leader and guide is now talking of jihad. So for the masses of Libya, the situation has become very complicated….

And of course nobody really knows what will happen.swissinfo.ch Posted by Cole at 10:39 AM 27 FEBR. 2010 Allow me to point out a fact that I lived Saturday, 04 September 2010.

I ALDEEB was in Bern (Switzerland). In a public place, close to the Houses of Parliament, there were Muslim youths manning a booth distributing free Holy Qurans and other writings….

with buffer green “Islamischer Zentralrat Schweiz (IZRS)” (Swiss Islamic Centre) They were discussing … with passersby and openly sought to convert to Islam … even your humble servant. Respect for the courage of these young people, I stopped for a moment and I talked with them, frankly, as I do in this blog….

I even took six of their documents.

I hope that Christians can do the same for their religion in every Muslim capital, including Mecca and Medina. And for this we need al-Qathafi to give us the courage to seek and achieve.

So congratulations to Mu’ammar al-Qathafi…

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20 APRIL 2011:

In this blog and elsewhere, some not stop praising the Koran … God’s word, “revealed” to Muhammad (PBUH); and remember that God says in the Qur’an and that …. A force read these words, people will believe that the Koran came down from heaven, and it is a perfect book….

Whoever reads the Qur’an and try to compare it to other Jewish and Christian writings, recognized as qu’apocryphes, easily discovers that there are many Qur’anic passages are taken from these writings. We can therefore say that whoever wrote the Koran had access to these writings mostly of Jewish origin. Therein is knowledge of the “People of the Book” (as is formed in their schools and their attending libraries). And in this case, the author of the Qur’an must be someone other than Muhammad (PBUH), who was merely the “receptive instrument”….

As a young man, Muhammad (PBUH) was converted to Christianity….

It should be noted here that Hamidullah was included in his translation of the Qur’an published in Paris written references to Jews and Christians. But when his translation (edited) was taken by Saudi Arabia, these references were simply removed (it is this edition is distributed free by Saudi Arabia and Islamic centers in Switzerland and elsewhere). Similarly, Denise Masson had included in his translation of the Qur’an published in Paris many written references to Jews and Christians. But when his translation was republished in Beirut with the permission of the Azhar, these references have disappeared.

For Muslims, the Qur’an is a perfect text in its style and content – and it makes sense because it comes from God!

Click on the image to order

The Quran Arabic text and French translation in chronological order according to Azhar. Sami Awad Abu-Aldeeb Sahlieh579 pages ISBN: 2-88108-849-x Ed Aire CHF 48 (39,696 Euro) Arabic text and French translation in chronological order according to Azhar. With reference to the variants, and repeals the Jewish and Christian writings.PREFACE Quentin Ludwig, historian of religions, FOREWORD Rachid Benzine and Father Christian Delorme (Muslim-Christian).Like the Bible or the Vedas, the Koran belongs to the spiritual and intellectual heritage of all mankind.It is one of the few great founding texts of universalism, which have enabled many companies to build and grow. Regarded by Muslims as unique and inimitable, the holy book of Islam has not stopped since fourteen centuries of nourishing the lives of hundreds of millions of believers. ...The Koran is now translated (interpreted) in dozens of languages. French, since the first translation made in 1647 by André du Ryer Sieur ambassador of the King of France in Alexandria, have already been published more than one hundred twenty translations! ...But here’s a new French version of Koranic text: that we now offer Swiss scholar of Palestinian origin Aldeeb Sami Abu-Sahlieh. It is the work of an Arab Christian, for whom the language of the Qur’an is part of his legacy, as the Arabic classical matrix for the holy book of Islam. ....Tireless worker, author of several notable books and numerous articles, Sami Aldeeb is also a committed intellectual, a man who is not afraid to intervene in the field to challenge public opinion, ask questions, defend the dignity of humans. It shows, in particular, a strong opponent of the death penalty.Translation published by Sami Aldeeb will certainly debate. It differs, indeed, usual editions of the Koran by the choice of the author to present the Qur’anic text, not in the order which is the canonical editions, but the order was that of revelation received progressively by the Prophet Muhammad. ...The work we propose Aldeeb Sami wants to be a work of great scientific rigor. ... Like many of his predecessors in this huge task of translating the Quran from Arabic, Sami Aldeeb accompanied his translation of very many notes which take into account the latest research history and language. It is therefore critical type work, but this approach is not very respectful least of all what this text for Muslims. And work on the Qur’an, is it not, in fact, reflect a deep appreciation for this text? ...Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB Christian Arab of Palestinian origin and Swiss. Licensee and a doctorate in law from the University of Fribourg. Degree in Political Science from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva. Head of Islamic law and Arabic at the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law in Lausanne since 1980. Visiting Professor at the Faculty of Law of Aix-en-Provence and Palermo. He is the author of numerous books and articles (in list: http://www.sami-aldeeb.com). To overcome problems with the Qur’an as much as possible, I established a bilingual edition in chronological order ( see a sample ) and I have included many references to Jewish and Christian writings, indicating the abrogated verses and abrogeants and variants (more than half of the verses of the Holy Quran have versions, and some words have more than ten variants, with a completely different meaning).

This week the “NEW STATESMAN” magazine presents another “Islam special”.

The front-page headline tells us in big letters: “Everything you know about Islam is wrong”. the political editor of the New Statesman, Mehdi Hasan believes those of us who are not Muslims are acting like mere “cattle”, beasts unable to control our instincts. Do watch this excerpt from a sermon of his in which he says:

“Once we lose the moral high-ground we are no different from the rest, of the non-Muslims; from the rest of those human beings who live their lives as animals, bending any rule to fulfil any desire.” *SEE MY REFERENCE TO MADONNA above

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23 APRIL 2011:

Friday – Prayer Muslim public in the center of Rome, a prelude to natural conquest

Source: On Good Friday 2011, while at the same time the great mosque of Rome is nearly empty, the Muslim community will meet in front of the Altar of the Fatherland in the center of Rome, for a public prayer to demand that municipal government pays the bills for electricity, water and gas to their places of worship.

Sami Aldeeb Note: The girl in these videos demand the recognition of Muslim marriages and granting cemeteries for Muslims.

Prayer in the streets of Rome is only the prelude to Islam’s conquest of Europe. Watch these videos and do not say you did not know.

Other photos:

Page 1 1 THE QURAN Arabic text and French translation chronological order according to Azhar with reference to alternatives, and repeals the Jewish and Christian writings by Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB I produce here the preface, foreword, introduction, and the first ten chapters of the Koran. This book can be ordered with his Swiss publisher: Editions de l’Aire, Vevey: http://www.editions-aire.ch/details.php?id=1382 or from Amazon. fr: http://www.amazon.fr/Coran-Abu-Salieh/dp/288108849X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1211 Page 1 1 THE QURAN Arabic text and French translation chronological order according to Azhar with reference to alternatives, and repeals the Jewish and Christian writings by Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB I produce here the preface, foreword, introduction, and the first ten chapters of the Koran. This book can be ordered with his Swiss publisher: Editions de l’Aire, Vevey: http://www.editions-aire.ch/details.php?id=1382 or from Amazon. fr: http://www.amazon.fr/Coran-Abu-Salieh/dp/288108849X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1211 Page 2 Page 1 1 THE HOLY QURAN Arabic text and French translation chronological order according to Azhar with reference to alternatives, and repeals the Jewish and Christian writings by Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB I produce here the preface, foreword, introduction, and the first ten chapters of the Holy Quran. This book can be ordered with his Swiss publisher: Editions de l’Aire, Vevey: http://www.editions-aire.ch/details.php?id=1382 or from Amazon. fr: http://www.amazon.fr/Coran-Abu-Salieh/dp/288108849X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1211 Page 2 2 Translator: Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB Arab Christian of Palestinian origin and Swiss. Licensee and a doctorate in law from the University of Fribourg. Degree in Political Science from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Ge- neva. Head of Islamic law and Arabic at the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law in Lausanne since 1980. Visiting Professor at the Faculty of Law of Aix-en-Provence and Palermo. He is the author of many-crafted and management items (listed in: http://www.sami-aldeeb.com), which in French ► The impact of religion on the legal system, the case of Egypt, non-Muslims in Islamic countries, Publishing University, Freiburg, 1979. ► Discrimination against non-Jews both Christians and Muslims in Israel, Pax Christi, Lausanne, Pa- 1992 questions. ► Muslims deal with human rights: religion, law and politics, and study documents, Winkler, Bochum, 1994. ► Islamist movements and human rights, Winkler, Bochum, 1998. ► Sami Aldeeb and Andrea Bonomi (ed.): The Muslim Family Law and Succession to the test Western legal orders, Publications of the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law, Schulthess, Zürich, 1999. ► Circumcision – Female Circumcision: debate religious, medical, social and legal Harmat The- tan, Paris, 2001. ► Muslim cemetery in the West standards Jewish, Christian and Muslim, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2002. ► Muslims in the West between rights and duties, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2002. ► Circumcision: the conspiracy of silence, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2003. ► Marriages between partners of Swiss Muslims know and prevent conflicts, 4 e edition, Institute Swiss Comparative Law, Lausanne, 2003. ► Introduction to Muslim society: foundations, principles and sources, Eyrolles, Paris, 2005 3 PREFACE by Quentin Ludwig 1 It is a great honor granted to me to preface this new translation of the Koran made ​​by my Sami Abu-Friend Aldeeb Sahlieh. Incidentally I met on the Internet when searching for dietary restrictions. We immediately struck up a conversation and he inscribed on its list of dissemi- sion giving access to many books and articles he published and available free of charge on the In- Internet. Sami Aldeeb publishes over thirty years and his only passion is research and writing: it has written extensively and published as well. His first book, already well documented, when he was very young, is devoted to the Copts in Egypt. 2 Subsequently, in addition to his keen interest in the Muslim world, it is also interested to Jews, Christians, Skoptzy, 3 etc.. His publications are sev- sands of pages thick and always well documented. He did not hesitate, either, when asked to prEN dre at arm’s length a scientific problem, sometimes far from their everyday concerns (rap- lons he is a lawyer). Thus he has wanted to present the Muslim point of view regarding the use tion of stem cells at a Symposium on Law and Medicine organized by an association of lawyers in Brussels. This text has also been published. 4 As a publisher, I had the privilege of accompanying Sami Aldeeb in the publication of his magnificent book Introduction to Muslim society, 5 which reads almost like a novel – which is not a small compliment – despite the density of text and high intelligence that the author brings to his commentaries res. I wanted to clarify my relationship with Sami before Aldeeb say enough good things about the new translation of the Koran. When I myself have written a small book as an introduction to Islam, I was very puzzled by pro- problem abrogated verses. How to pass information to the reader unfamiliar with the subtleties Corani- questions? Indeed, in the current reading, not chronological, the Koran, in the presence of two contradictory verses tories, it is absolutely impossible to determine which is repealed, which is the repeal. 6 Quran a chronic nology would decide disputed cases. The great Orientalist Régis Blachère had experimented 7 but for some reason that was never explained, it was quickly abandoned advantage of the traditional order. 8 The new translation brings Sami Aldeeb and, if I may use the ex- pressure, like a breath of eternal youth Holy Quran. The chronological order is not the only advantage of this translation. It gives us for the first time, versions of the Koran on the basis of works approved by Muslim religious authorities. She wants Benchmarking: whenever a word has a problem the author does not hesitate to provide the translations pro- 1 Scholar and teacher, former magazine editor, journalist, lexicographer, specialist anthropology of religions and doctor. He is the author of several books, including Understanding Islam Eyrolles, Paris, 2003; Understanding Judaism Eyrolles, Paris, 2003; Buddhism: history, current religious cultures, Eyrolles, Paris, 2005; Understanding Kabbalah: Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai of Ma- donna, Eyrolles, Paris, 2006; religions: Catholicism, Orthodoxy, Protestantism, Judaism, kab- bale, islam, Buddhisms, Eyrolles, Paris, 2006. 2 The impact of religion on the legal system, the case of Egypt, non-Muslims in Islamic countries, Publishing University, Freiburg, 1979. 3 In his book Male Circumcision – Female Circumcision: debate religious, medical, social and Legal, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2001. 4 Human cloning in Islamic law and Arabic in Medicine and Law: Issues in law Me- dical and bioethics, Anthemis, Brussels, 2007, p. 89-114. 5 Introduction to Muslim society: foundations, principles and sources, Eyrolles, Paris, 2005. 6 In the Qur’an, it is written: “If we abrogate or a sign that we do forget, we REPOR- tones better, or similar. Do not you know that God is powerful over all things? “(87/2: 106). 7 The Quran, according to a translation test reclassification of suras, Maisonneuve, Paris, 1949-1950. We reread always interested in his Introduction to the Qur’an. Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 2002 (reprint). 8 The Quran, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 2005 (reprint). Page 4 4 posed by his predecessors, without wanting to impose his own. It is one of the first to have benefited a systematic search terms, thanks to the computer (Sami Aldeeb knows how to use this instrument valuable, and indeed did he not make himself the layout of the book?) Each concept Arab and always translated in exactly the same way, thus avoiding false interpretations. When this is not possible, the author points to note. Finally, specialists know the influences of worlds Jews and Christians on the content of the Koran, but the original source is never proposed. Sami Aldeeb, whose vast knowledge knows nothing of the work of Jewish and Christian scholars, reference for specialists where possible, the extra-Qur’anic sources that feed the mind of the prophet. Course even if he knows, he does not report some polemical works 1 because its purpose is to provide both spe- cialist as an honest man, in French, the Qur’an purest, closest to the ori- origin. In the original version of this book (reduced for the purposes of this edition), the author proposed also the text in Arabic script modern. I bet that this new translation will not leave indifferent any reader, whether Oriental or sharp amateur. 1 Including the Hanna Zakarias (real name: Gabriel Théry, Dominican priest): Islam, business Jewish: from Moses to Muhammad Editions Saint-Remi, Cadillac, 2006 (reprint). Page 5 5 FOREWORD by Rachid Benzine 1 and Christian Delorme 2 Like the Bible or the Vedas, the Koran belongs to the spiritual and intellectual heritage of all mankind. It is one of the few great founding texts of universalism, which allowed many compa- ties to build and grow. Regarded by Muslims as unique and inimitable, the holy book of Islam has not stopped since fourteen centuries of nourishing the lives of hundreds of millions of believers. For followers of Islam, this book is the pure Word of God delivered to mankind, and its existence can only immediately present to men the Lord of the worlds. A Muslim, of course, can not ignore the Koran alive source of his faith. But a non- Muslim can he? Some may believe it, but it is wrong. In a world that has become increasingly reduced due to the development of means of communication, a world of great brews humans, which is basically the others can not because we indifférer now present in our immediate environment, the other inevitably influence what we experience and what we are and become. While Islam in the early twenty-first century, meets flush with the chris- tianisme, about a quarter of all mankind, the Qur’an can hardly remain unknown to anyone what an honest man. But how do you know the Koran? How to approach, enter his intelligence? Those which have not been rocked since birth by the music of the text such as hear the language of origin, those who are strangers to the Arabic language in its most classic as its name- many variants are well embarrassed! There is a need, therefore, to have recourse to translations which, in time, be closer to the meaning of the original Arabic text, and show a lan- guage interpretation itself nice to read or hear. Translations which are also, accompanied nied by sufficient explanatory notes to make accessible to the reader all the intelligence of a text often difficult to understand when you do not possess all the knowledge that his approach can assume. The Muslim orthodoxy has always maintained that the Arabic translation of the Qur’an inimitable was impossible, and That is why we often see translations into various languages ​​be described as test interpretation tion or test translation of the Qur’an inimitable. These tests interpretation (or translation of the meaning of verses …), however, are old: from the tenth and eleventh centuries of the Common Era, were made ​​by Muslims themselves, transposition of the Qur’an in Persian and Turkish. But without going to say, as we often hear that any translation of a text is a betrayal, one-convien dra that translation is always a modest and limited attempt to account for what is unique: the language in which the text was originally written. This is true for sacred texts, but also applies to the great works of world literature: Dante’s work is really beautiful in Italian, like that of Goethe in German, that of Cervantes in Spanish, that of Chateaubriand French, or that Dostoevsky in Russian! The Koran is now translated (interpreted) in dozens of languages. French, since the pre- Miere translation made ​​in 1647 by Sir André du Ryer, ambassador of the King of France in Alexandria have already been published more than one hundred twenty translations! Some, of course, managed to impose da- 1 Associate researcher at the Observatory of Religious in Aix-en-Provence and Lecturer in the Master Reli- gion and Society Institute of Political Studies of this city. He has published the new thinkers Islam, Albin Michel, Paris, 2004, and Christians and Muslims: we have so many things to say, written with Christian Delorme, Albin Michel, Paris, 1997. He also wrote the section on Islam Larousse Encyclopedia of Religions, Oxford, Cambridge, Paris, 2006. 2 Catholic priest of the Diocese of Lyon, involved for over thirty years in interreligious dialogue primarily Muslim-Christian dialogue. He chairs the association Abraham’s hospitality to the dia- logue of men and time. He is the author of several books, including Sensitive Neighbourhoods, written with Azouz Begag, Seuil, Paris, 1995; Christians and Muslims: we have so many things to say, writing with Rachid Benzine, Albin Michel, Paris, 1997; Suburbs of God, Bayard, Paris, 1998. Page 6 6 vantage than others and are more known and used: the Hungarian-born aristocrat Albert Bi- berstein Kasimirski (which dates back to 1840 but is still reprinted), the Orientalist scholar of Regis Bla- expensive (1949-1950), one of the original Indian Muslim scholar Muhammad Hamidullah (1959), that of the Christian scholar Denise Masson (1967), the former rector of the Muslim Institute Paris Sheikh If Boubakeur Hamza (1972), the poet Christian Jean Grosjean (1979), that the Tunisian writer Sadok Mazigh (1979), one of the orientalist Jacques Berque (1991), or that, very special (as is at- staining to forcefully return the Semitic root words) of the Jewish writer Chouraqui (1990). Cha- Neither of these translations offer great wealth but also leaves seem its shortcomings. Who seeks to work seriously on the Qur’an without having mastered classical Arabic, it is therefore useful to know how to use all these tests interpretation, a translation to know each other. But here’s a new French version of Koranic text: that the university offers today Swiss-Palestinian Sami Abu-Aldeeb Sahlieh. It is the work of an Arab Christian, for whom language of the Qur’an is part of his legacy, as the Arabic classical matrix for the holy book Islam. Since her childhood in the West Bank village of Zababdeh predominantly Christian, Sami Al- deeb had his ears filled with calls to prayer of the muezzins, music and chanted the Koran has ac- companied his youth almost equal Christian religious melodies. The farmer’s son could de- future priest (one of his brothers is), but the chain of circumstances led to Switzerland where it is de- came a lawyer, head of Arab and Islamic Law at the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law in Lausanne, visiting professor at various universities. Tireless worker, author of several books remarkable questions and numerous articles, Aldeeb Sami is also a committed intellectual, a man who afraid to intervene in the field to challenge public opinion, ask questions, defend digni- ty man. It shows, in particular, a strong opponent of the death penalty. Translation published by Sami Aldeeb will certainly debate. It differs, indeed, editions capita tual Quran by the choice of the author to present the Qur’anic text, not in the order that is Editions canonical, but in the order was that of progressive revelation received by the Prophet Muhammad. Many know, even when they are not Muslims the Qur’an was proclaimed pieces ( ayat, that is to say, by divine signs) between 610 and 632, or over a period of twenty-two or twenty-three years. According to Muslim teaching, the sacred text was poured into the heart of Muhammad once the en- tremise the angel Gabriel, and it was gradually restored prophet of Islam and its community emerging depending on events. When the successors of Mohammed wanted to meet in a volume canonical verses revealed all that had been preserved in various ways, they were taken to comply with an order different from the time of their reception. Thus have often re- found at the top of the Vulgate Koran (the mushaf) whole sections of verses that had been received later, while the first revealed verses could be found at the end of the volume. Tradition Muslim considers, for example, that the first verses that the Prophet Muhammad received in the year 610, located in the Vulgate, in the early 87 th chapter. In addition, in the same chapter together verses delivered at different times of the prophet’s mission. Since the beginning of Islam, Muslim scholars have been careful to preserve the memory of what is called the circumstances of revelation. One of the oldest religious sciences in Islam is thus which is to define the chronological order of suras and verses. The most prestigious institutions tions Muslim University of Al-Azhar in Cairo has long been established that timing and teaches its students. In fact, Sami Aldeeb is not the first to publish a French translation of the Qur’an which contains the text in the supposed order of revelation. In 1950 already, the orientalist Régis Blachère had this same choice 1 . Its ranking of suras took into account, of course, the teachings of the traditional tion Muslim, but he expressed also personal considerations (including Régis Blachère each sura was divided according to subjects, giving each party titles). Sami Aldeeb, for He wanted to order a translation based on data from the University of Al-Azhar, and grading can therefore be described as fanciful. What is the advantage for a Muslim as a non-Muslim, to discover in the Qur’an This order differs from the canonical order? For a Muslim, read the Quran according to this classification chapters can certainly be a great spiritual adventure: that of having the feeling of being in heart even years of the Qur’anic revelation, the Qur’an tasting a little way (to 1 The Quran, according to a translation test reclassification of suras, Maisonneuve, Paris, 1949-1950. Page 7 7 rate) of the first receivers thereof. For a non-Muslim, the discovery of the Qur’anic text by this timeline can help intelligence progressive content of the Qur’an: its themes, its gen- res literature, the emergence of various figures cited therein … It may, indeed, consider the deli- vrance progressive Quran corresponded to a certain pedagogy, and the classification can be listed here still appreciated as having educational value. The work we propose Aldeeb Sami wants to be a work of great scientific rigor. The lovers the Arabic language it is known how the Koran is a text of magnitude semantic and linguistic consid- rable, and its translation takes into account the various meanings that can be given to the thousands of words that are found. Like many of his predecessors in this huge task of translating the Quran from Arabic, Sami Aldeeb accompanied his translation notes that many take account the latest historical research and linguistic. It is therefore a critical type of work, but this approach is not very respectful least of all what this text for Muslim mans. And work on the Qur’an, is it not, in fact, reflect a deep consideration for this text? Previously, we discussed the risk of betrayal watched any attempt at translation. But may also consider translation as an act of brotherhood manufacturer, and remember what the great phi- Contemporary pher Paul Ricoeur has said: “It seems to me (…) that the translation does not only intellectual work, theoretical or practical, but an ethical problem. The reader to the author, bring author to reader, at the risk of betraying and serve two masters, is to practice what I like to call the hospi- mortality language. This is what makes a model for other forms of hospitality that I see related: the faiths, religions, are they not as foreign languages ​​to each other, with their vocabulary, their grammar, their style, we must learn to penetrate them? “ 1 1 Ricoeur, Paul: On the translation, Bayard, Paris, 2004, p. 42-43. Page 8 8 INTRODUCTION In a speech broadcast by television, radio and the press, President Sadat said: Our Quran is a complete encyclopedia that left no part of the life, thought, political that of society, cosmic secrets, mysteries of the soul,-transactions, family law, not without having given an opinion. The look wonderful, miraculous Quranic law it should at any time. 1 The Qur’an is the most influential work in the political world, and the first source of Muslim law man and Arabic. Hence the need to read to understand his followers who are fifth of humanity. This new edition and translation of the Koran has the following advantages: ► It produces the Arabic translation of the Qur’an and in chronological order. ► She tries to be faithful to the Arabic text, giving as much as possible, thanks to the computer, the same transla- tion for each word. ► It shows the most important variants of the Qur’an, and those who abrogated the repeal. ► It refers to the writings Jews and Christians, as recognized qu’apocryphes. In the following pages, we detail these characteristics, our sources and our method method of translation. Historical landmarks According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad was born around the year 570 in Mecca, shopping and cosmopolitan city- lite Arabia where different religious communities lived together, mainly polytheists of Jews and Christians. To 610, he began to receive a message transmitted by the angel Gabriel. In 622, before the persecution of his family and his fellow citizens, he left some of his companions in Mecca to Yathrib, the city of his mother, has since become Medina. This year marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar man of the Hegira, which begins July 16 622 (corresponding to 1 st Muharram). In 630, Muhammad is re- came to Mecca at the head of an army and conquered. He died in Medina on July 8th 632. Chronological order of the Qur’an According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad received the revelation spanned twenty-two years, during What is past simple trader to head of state. According to Muslim tradition, when a revelation was made ​​to Muhammad, his scribes the notaient on pieces of leather, pottery, ribs median fins, ribs or shoulder blades of camels. After Muhammad’s death, a first re- CUEIL Quran was gathered during the reign of Caliph Abu Bakr (died 634). But as collections private divergent began to circulate, the Caliph ‘Uthman (d. 656) decided to establish its own collection called the Koran Uthman, currently used by Muslims. Other collections have been burned. The Koran ‘Uthman is composed of 114 chapters (suras called). Each chapter comes with a ti- be, some with two or more (indicated in our translation, see p. former. chapter title 5/1). These titles come from either one of the first words of the chapter (23/53 Astre, 97/55: The all-merciful gods), or a feature story (72/14 Abraham 44/19: Marie), an episode is considered prégnant (70/16 Bee, 85/29: Spider). They do not belong to revelation and not included in the first known Koranic manuscripts, they were added by scribes to differentiate the chapters Quran. However, some trace these securities Muhammad. The Koran Uthman class chapters of the Qur’an, with few exceptions, according to their lon- current regulations. Some Muslim authors believe that this order has been approved by Muhammad, as indicated by 1 Al-Ahram, 06/01/1976. Page 9 9 the angel Gabriel. But the prevailing view supports only the order of the verses within the chapters has been approved by Muhammad, while the order of the chapters has been fixed by the commission that established the Koran. We relies on the fact that the companions of Muhammad had versions of the Qur’an chapters classifying differently from the present order of the Quran. The present order of the Quran is a problem of understanding. We can say that we read today Quran almost upside down since the first chapters, the longest, are generally composed of revelations received by Muhammad to the end of his life. The chronological order of the Qur’an is important for historians who want to know the stages of revelation. But it is also for lawyers. Indeed, the Qur’an contains legal norms that have evolved, some having repealed others. To deter- ner passages repealed and repeal those who must know which preceded the other. For these rea- sounds, Muslim authors have proposed to publish the Quran in Arabic in chronological order, 1 but never done until now. Régis Blachère published in 1949-1950 a French translation of Quran in chronological order according to its own estimates. This first edition is no longer available in bookstores. Blachère returned to the present order of the Quran in its 1957 edition, without saying the reasons. Therefore, our translation can be seen as the only version with Arabic and French- Caise the Qur’an in chronological order. Muslim scholars and orientalists use different criteria for the classification time chapters of the Qur’an: the testimony of the companions of Muhammad, the content of the chapters, the event torical which they refer, and so on. But they are far from an agreement between them, 2 and it is probable ably impossible to reach a chronological order that corresponds to reality. 3 The classification acquires more support among Muslims and that we follow here is that adopted by the commission the Azhar who established the Egyptian edition of the Koran in 1923, called the King Fu’ad Mushaf. This edition indicates the beginning of each chapter the order in which it was revealed and distinguishes the chapters of the period those Meccan period hegira (Medina). This classification corresponds to the version of Quran established by the Caliph ‘Ali. We give here a brief summary table indicating the chronological order of chapters according Azhar Noldeke (died 1930) and Blachère (died 1973), as well as the current order according to the Koran ‘Uthman, marking in red the chapters and verses hégiriens (Medina). The reader will find at the end of this item two tables of contents: one chronologically chapters (according Azhar), and the other according to the current order of the chapters of the Koran ‘Uthman. So he can read the Qur’an in the order it often Haite. Chronological order according to Current order according to the Qur’an The Azhar Noldeke Blachère of ‘Uthman Name and period number of verses of Chapter 5 48 46 1: ا The opening – 7 verses – Mecca 87 91 93 2: ة ا Cow – 286 verses – Hijri 89 97 99 3: نا ل The Family of Imran – 200 verses – Hijri 92 100 102 4: ء ا Women – 176 verses – Hijri 112 114 116 5: ة ا Banquet – 120 verses – Hijri 55 89 91 6: م ا The cattle – 165 verses – Mecca Except 20, 23, 91, 93, 114, 141, 15... 39 87 89 7: فا ا The stepped – 206 verses – Mecca Except: 163-170 88 95 97 8: ل ا Booty – 75 verses – Hijri 113 113 115 9: ا The back - 129 verses – Hijri 51 84 86 10: Jonas – 109 verses – Mecca Except: 40, 94-96 52 75 77 11: د ه Hud – 123 verses – Mecca Except for: 12, 17, 114 1 See in particular Khalaf-Allah Dirasat, p. 245-257. For the full titles of works cited in the notes, see the bibliography at the end of this book. 2 Al-Haddad has developed tables comparing the chronological order of the Qur’an in seven Muslim sources classical and Noldeke Blachère (Al-Haddad: Al-Qur’an wal-kitab, vol. 2, p. 298-316). 3 Indicate one of the difficulties: how to classify chronologically stories (such as Moses or Lot – see index under both names) repeated with little or no differences in several chapters very? Is it passages revealed only once, or on the contrary they have been proven several times? Humans – 6 verses – Mecca According to the estimate of the Azhar, 86 chapters were revealed in Mecca before the Hegira, and 28 AH. However, thirty-five chapters have time Meccan verses of hegira time (called as Medina). We do not touch the order of verses in these chapters, but note the Meccan verses with the letter M in black and verses hégiriens with the letter H in red. These letters are followed lives by the numbers and ordinary chronological chapter and verse number. And M-5 / 1:4 signifi- trust that this is a Meccan chapter, 5 th chronological order, 1 st according to the normal order, 4 th verse according to the edition of the Azhar. The numbering of the verses in this edition, taken from the edition of Az- har differs from that followed by editions of the Koran in North Africa and the one proposed by Flügel in 1834 often used by Orientalists, the difference with the latter is sometimes six verses. Montet Kasimirski and use in their translation numbering Flügel, while Blachère, Hamidullah (in except edition of Saudi Arabia) and Mandel (Italian) juxtapose the two dials. We have abandoned this solution not to burden the text too. Note here that some classical authors, followed by the publication of the Azhar, consider Meccan verses revealed in Mecca after the Hegira. This is the case of verses 87/2: 281, 88/8 :30-36, 112/5: 3 and 113/9 :128-129. In our edition, we rely not on the place of revelation of the verses, but their period. Thus, the Meccan verses are those disclosed before the Hegira, and verses hégiriens (Medina) are those revealed after the Hijra. Spelling variants and readings from the Koran The Arabic orthography has several stages. That adopted in the Qur’an is in the middle of this evolution ment. The time of Muhammad, the Arabic script noted consonants, long vowels, but never short vowels. In addition, some identical form letters notaient different consonants. Thus, a single sign made ​​b, t, th, n and y. Points (nuqat) distinguishing consonants and accents (harakat) indicating short vowels were added later and gradually the Qur’an. Without these and these accents, the correct reading of the Qur’an is nearly impossible and remains dependent on people who learned by heart. Even with the points and accents, spelling Quran differs significantly from in use for more than a millennium in other writings in Arabic. We also note that the in- TER of the Qur’an, some words are written in different ways. Thus the name Ibrahim (Abraham) is written 15 times in chapter 87/2 as Ibrahm (without the i), and 54 times elsewhere as Ibrahim (with the i). Muslim authors believe that the spelling was given by Muhammad to those who wrote the revelation of his time. Some even ascribe an esoteric meaning for error writ- Page 13 13 ture. 1 But Ibn-Khaldun (d. 1406) believes that the spelling of the Qur’an is simply defective killer. He writes: The beginnings of Islam, Arabic was ... not written properly, with high precision and fine- coup d’elegance. The result was more than mediocre as nomadic Arabs were still wild and arts were alien. Clearly seen by observing what happened to the spelling of the Co- ran. The companions of the Prophet transcribed the text in their own way, which was not brilliant: most share their letters were incorrect. Taabi’een recopied the .... We must therefore disregard of thoughtless statements. Some argue, in fact, that the companions of Prophet scribes were very good and there must be an explanation for all their spelling .... Thinking it is perfect to write well, these zealous minds can not accept imperfection in companions. To show they were spotless, even in their spelling, they want to any force, justify their mistakes in this area. But they are completely wrong. Indeed, for Companions of the Prophet, writing had nothing to do with perfection: it is an art city, which serves scribes to earn a living. However, the artistic perfection is relative: it is not perfection itself. The inability to exercise technique does not affect the faith or the qualities of a person. 2 While affirming that the Koranic spelling is not fixed by God, nor mandated by Muhammad Muslim authors believe that the unanimity of the companions of Muhammad is in favor of maintaining mean. Now, they say, unanimity is a mandatory rule. They add that the change of spelling variants leads to undermining the uniformity of the text from one country to another. However, the uni- formity of the text is an aspect of unity among Muslims. 3 It should however be noted that the printed editions of the Quran in Istanbul, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire, added some missing letters in words like letter in al-lamin a muslim and a t. In 1988, the publishing house Dar al-Shuruq (Cairo and Beirut) has released a version of the Qur’an entitled Al- Mushaf al-Muyassar (Qur’an easy) with honors, at the bottom of page, the current spelling words written in archaic spelling. It should be noted also that the Koranic quotations in the writings of contemporary (Including periodicals intended for the general public) are often consistent in spelling mo- ern, and computer programs use this spelling for the text of the Qur’an or the re- seeks terms. To our knowledge, the only complete version of the Qur’an using the spelling accompanying the modern Italian translation made ​​by Gabriele Mandel Khan, edited by UTET, Turin, 2004. After long hesitation, we decided not to produce the version spelling mo- ern order not to touch the sacred text of Muslims. 4 T 1 Sirri Al-rasm al-’Uthmani, p. 6. 2 Ibn-Khaldun: Discourse on Universal History, vol. 2, p. 850-852. 3 Sirri Al-rasm al-’Uthmani, p. 47-53. 4 The Arabic text of the Quran is taken http://www.qurankareem.info/ site, reproducing the Koran Me- dine by reading Hafs, as established by the King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Qur’an (http://www.qurancomplex.com/). The interested reader can download the Arabic spelling modern site. The difference between the Koranic spelling and spelling to distinguish modern from the issue will variants of the Koran, even if the two issues overlap. Shiites accuse the Caliph Uthman (d. 656) have deleted or modified the passages in- which mention is made ​​of ‘Ali (d. 661), his political rival. Whole chapters and many verses and have disappeared or have been truncated from the Koran. Mal-Allah Muhammad a Sunni author, Page 15 15 208 gives examples of alleged falsifications by the Shiites. 1 While not denying that certain currents Shiites have alleged falsification of the Koran, a small book anonymously without editor without publishing house tion rejects the attribution of such a claim to Shiism. He adds that such claims of falsification are found in greater numbers as in Sunni books. 2 These discussions irritate religious Muslims who insist that the Qur’an has never been altered, contrary to the Bible and the Gospel. This statement is of Muslim dogma. The Qur’an does he not: “It is we who have sent down the Reminder, and we keep” (54/15: 9)? We do not intend into this controversy. Our task is more modest and focused on variants of the Koran admitted by the Muslim authorities. Where are these variants? Muslim sources report that ‘Umar (d. 644) had heard someone recite chapter 42/25 other than him. He brought to Muhammad who was reciting to each version, and he approved all two by saying that the Qur’an was revealed in seven letters. Similar stories are reported on at- Very chapters of the Koran. 3 This is reminiscent of the verses 112/5: 48, 52/11: 118, 70/16: 93, 62/42: 8 which decreed that the differences between the different communities are willed by God and must therefore be tolerated. What does the term letters mentioned in the story? Some believe that the Qur’an was re- vealed in seven variants that take into account different Arabic dialects, in order to facilitate access of the Quran tribes who did not speak the dialect of Quraysh tribe of Muhammad. Apart from the revelation of the Qur’an in seven letters, Muslim sources speak different interpretations of Co- ran. These readings are due to the fact that the initial writing of the Koran was difficult to decipher without the aid of those who have memorized the Qur’an. It was recognized as fourteen readings attributed to the benefit of readers a chain of guarantors back to the companions of Muhammad. 4 The edition of Al-Azhar, the most common Nowadays, favored than Hafs, as transmitted by ‘Asim. It is this reading that is the basis for the text of the Qur’an which we publish here. The Tunisian edition of the Qur’an follows the reading of Nafi ‘, as repor- ADOPTED BY Qalun, while the Moroccan edition of the Qur’an follows the reading of Nafi ‘, as reported by Warsh. These variants, according to Islamic doctrine unanimous belong to revelation. 5 Apart from their religious value gious, they provide important information on how to pronounce the Arabic by different tribes, and provide a means to understand a Qur’anic text which originally had no points and without accents. They also have legal consequences when they affect normative passages. 6 The versions of the Koran are in different readings of the Qur’an and are reported in the literature classical Islamic. To avoid controversy, we rely exclusively on sources moder- ing following approval by Islamic religious authorities: ► ‘Umar Makram Ahmad Mukhtar and’ Abd al-’Al Salim al-Mu’jam qira’at qur’aniyyah al-ma’ muqaddi- mah wire qira’at wa-al-Qurra ashhar ‘, 6 volumes, 3 th edition, ‘Alam Al-kutub, Cairo, 1997. Both first editions were published by the University of Kuwait. This collection has been approved by the Academy research Azhar Islamic. ► Al-Khatib, ‘Abd al-Latif: Mu’jam al-qira’at, 11 volumes, Dar Sa’d al-Din, Damascus, 2000. This book is approved by the Department of IFTA, and religious education in Syria. It often indicates, in addition variants, their meaning. ► Al-Qira’at in: http://www.altafsir.com/Recitations.asp. This site is managed by Aal Al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought, which depends on the Jordanian royal family. These three sources indicate variations in word after word order of chapters and verses of the Koran and mention the classic works consulted. It is easy for the reader to navigate, and it is not need to load our book pages with references to these sources. There are a large number of variants. The first source says more than 10,000 words of Co- who ran one or more variants. As it is not possible to take all, we selected tioned especially those who can influence the direction, have a grammatical change a word, 1 Mal-Allah al-Shi’ah. 2 Ukdhubat tahrif Al-Qur’an. See also the falsification made ​​by the Shiites: Al-Dhahabi Al-Tafseer, vol. 2, p. 32-35, 149-152, 184, 196-197. 3 Mawsu’ah Al-al-al-qur’aniyyah mutakhassisah, p. 110-111. 4 See these fourteen readings http://audio.islamweb.net/audio/index.php?page=rewayat&rewaya=2. 5 It may be noted here that Morocco is trying to ban the Koran readings other than Warsh: http://www.islamicnews.net/Document/ShowDoc01.asp?DocID=97437&TypeID=1&TabIndex=1. 6 See Abu-Aldeeb Sahlieh: Introduction to Muslim society, p. 67-69. Page 16 16 delete or add a word or passage and replace a word or a passage to another. We omitted variants is limited to an elision of two words. The reader interested in all variants can return to our three sources. Despite this reduced choice, variants identified in our work affect 3462 verses the 6236 edition that includes the Azhar, regardless of the differences between the ortho- graph and modern Koranic spelling which we spoke earlier. In addition, we have omitted the variants of the following terms that are repeated often: Abrogation in the Quran The Qur’an was revealed in 22 years and with a changing society. Like any normative system, it has changed. There is talk of repeal defined concept in Islamic law as “cancellation partial or total application of a requirement of the Shari’ah on the basis of a later indication explicitly or implicitly announcing the cancellation. “Many authors have written on this classic subject considered essential to understand the Qur’an, and thus to perform the function of ju- rist. The repeal has sparked controversy in the time of Muhammad. His opponents accused him of change orders the believers. It is then that the Qur’anic verses were revealed indicating that it is God who wanted to change this through the repeal: When we share a sign with another, and God knows best what he revealed, they say: “You’re a storyteller.” But most of them do not know (70/16: 101). If we abrogate or a sign that we do forget, we bring a better or a week- lar. Do not you know that God is powerful over all things? (87/2: 106). Muslim jurists have distinguished different types of revocations: Page 17 17 ► A verse can abrogate another, but both are kept in the Qur’an. This is called the repeal of the standard and the maintenance of recitation. And verse 87/2: 115 on the direction of prayer would be repealed by the verse 87/2: 144 which sets the direction of prayer towards the Ka’ba. ► Normative verses were revealed to Muhammad, then they were replaced by other verses different content. But neither the first nor the last were not included in the Qur’an. Thus, the revelation would have included, according to the testimony of ‘Ayshah wife of Muhammad, establishing a verse the prohibition of marriage between relatives of milk if there were more than ten feedings figure back later- ing five by another verse. These two verses of the Qur’an have disappeared, but the latter is still force. ► Which revealed a verse in the Qur’an can be abrogated by a verse of the Qur’an has disappeared. So verse 102/24: 2 provides 100 lashes in case of fornication. This verse is still in the Qur’an, but it would be repealed by another verse no longer in the Quran narrated by the Caliph ‘U- March (d. 644) and provides for the stoning for the crime. 1 ► Verses were revealed to Muhammad, but God made ​​him forget. These verses, sometimes transcribed scribes, were erased by miracle, and those who had learned by heart also forgotten by miracle. The Koran echoes this phenomenon (8/87 :6-7 and 87/2: 106). ► Verses are revealed by satan, but repealed by God. This is stated in verse 103/22: 52. Belong to this category famous Satanic Verses (title of the book by Salman Rushdie) which echo the verses 23/53 :19-23. ► Quranic verses are abrogated by the Sunnah (tradition) of Muhammad. Thus the Qur’an says: “You have been prescribed, when death comes to one of you, if he leaves goods, the testament in favor of both parents and closest according to propriety. It is a duty for those who fear God “ (87/2: 180). This verse was abrogated by the word of Muhammad: “No bequest to an heir.” ► A word of Muhammad is repealed by a Koranic verse. Thus, the armistice agreement signed between Ma- Mahomet and Mecca before its conquest included a clause that Muhammad was to deliver all man who convert to Islam to join. This agreement, however, was repealed by verse 91/60: 10. ► Repeals multiple: A famous case is that of the prohibition of wine consumption, adjusted pro- gradually by verses 87/2: 219, 92/4: 43 and 112/5 :90-91. So three Quranic verses to repeal one another, do not provide for any penalty, and were repealed (or supplemented) by a narrative Muhammad that it would have flogged the consumer of wine. Today, the repeal is controversial. She claimed the lives of Sudanese Thinker Mahmud Muhammad Taha, who was hanged in 1985 by Numeiri. Taha had argued that the first part of Quran revealed in Mecca before the Hegira, Islam is the true, and the second part revealed AH has a cyclical nature. Therefore, according to Taha, Part repeals the second party. In 1975, President Berri Ziad Somalia said in a public speech that half of the Qur’an is repealed or contradictory and that, therefore, it is no longer applicable. This has resulted in a convic- tion from the Azhar dated 6 February 1975. 2 The authors argue that contemporary Muslim the phenomenon of abrogation in the Qur’an indicate that this phenomenon is also found in the Old 3 and New Testaments. 4 1 See note 102/24: 2. 2 Al-Saqqa: The naskh, p. 5-6. 3 In the Old Testament, we see that some marriages with relatives were allowed at the beginning, and then subsequent regulations have banned. Thus, before Moses, marriage between brothers and sisters was allowed, as demonstrated by the story of Abraham and Sarah (Genesis 20:10-12); thereafter, the marriage was forbidden (Lev. 18:9) and put to death (Leviticus 20:17). Jacob married two sisters, Leah and Rachel (Genesis 29: 21-30), this was forbidden (Lev. 18:18). Amram, Moses’ father, had married his aunt (Ex 6:20) and this has been forbidden (Lev. 18:12). God allowed Noah and his son to eat “anything that moves and has the life “(Genesis 9:1-3), but then the Bible has restricted this authorization prohibiting many ani- pain (Lev chapter 11). 4 In the Gospel, Jesus says: “Do not think that I came to abolish the Law or the prophets: I come not to abolish but to fulfill them “(Mt 5:17). Elsewhere, however, Jesus and his apostles have changed law of Moses. Thus, the biblical prohibitions on certain foods were removed by Apostle tres of Jesus (Acts 10:12-16 and Romans 14:14). Saturdays and other Jewish holidays were considered Page 18 18 Muslim writers are not agreed on the number of Qur’anic verses repealed. Thus, Ibn al- Jawzi (d. 1200) indicates 247 abrogated, then al-Suyuti (d. 1505) has only the 22 as follows: 3/73 :1-3 *, 87/2: 180, 87/2: 183, 87/2: 184, 87/2: 217, 87/2: 240, 87/2: 284 88 / 8:65 *, 89/3: 102 *; 90/33: 52, 91/60: 11, 92/4: 8, 92/4: 15 *, 92/4: 16 *, 92/4: 33 *, 102/24: 2, 102/24: 58 , 105/58: 12 *, 112/5: 2; 112/5: 42, 112/5: 106; 113/9: 41. In reviewing these verses Qur’anic an encyclopedia published by the Mi- istry Egyptian waqfs in 2003 1 retains only the verses marked with (*). Mustafa Zayd compiles abrogated by various classical authors and reaches 293 abrogated, but in itself retains the six following: 3/73 :1-3 88/8: 65, 92/4: 15, 92/4: 16, 92/4: 43, 105/58: 12. 2 The huge gap between the positions of Muslim authors should entice the reader to very carefully before deciding on what is abrogated in the Qur’an and what is not. We limit ourselves in no- be work to indicate the verses are abrogated and those sources said the repeal conflicting nonjudgmental. The reader who wishes to have an overview on this issue can be found modern works as follows: ► Abyari Al-Ibrahim Al-Al Mawsu’ah qur’aniyyah, Mu’assasat sijil al-’arab, Cairo, 1984, vol. 2, p. 537 - 568. ► Mawsu’ah Al-al-al-qur’aniyyah mutakhassisah, al-Awqaf Wazarat, Cairo, 2003, p. 632-650. ► Hafni al-’Abd-al-Mun’im: Mawsu’at al-Qur’an al-’ Adhim, Maktabat Madbuli, Cairo, 2004, vol. 2, p. From 1475 to 1535. ► Zayd, Mustafa Al-Naskh fil-Qur’an, dirasah tashri’iyyah tarikhiyyah naqdiyyah, 2 vols., Dar al-Wafa al- Mansurah, 3 th edition, 1987. 3 The repeal raises a sensitive issue especially in relation to the classical sources that call- slow the verse of the sword which would, according to the prevailing opinion, the following verse: Once passed month banned slay the idolaters wherever you find them. Take them, beleaguer the and sit in wait against them. If then they came back, raised prayer and given the alms purifying, then disengage their way. God is forgiving and merciful (113/9: 5). 4 Classical authors believe that this verse alone repeals 124, 5 or 140 6 tolerant verses of the Qur’an. Can probably explain the attitude of these authors (sometimes taken by Islamists) by tensions between Muslims and non-Muslims. Modern writers dispute the findings of their elders and prefer to emphasize the open nature of the Qur’an. We note these verses in the notes without trial ment on our part. The verses as we show in our book repealed are those that exist in the Quran. Classical authors report that the Koran would have included a number of verses which have disappeared. According to these authors, the Angel Gabriel was reviewing annually the Qur’an Muhammad, the last revision sion that took place before his death. At each review, the angel removed verses. Al-Suyuti (d. 1505) indicates that Chapter 90/33 was initially 200 verses, even longer than the chapter 87/2 (286 verses), while it remains in the Qur’an that 73 verses. He gives other examples of chapters or missing verses from the Koran. 7 as days of rest, all work is forbidden (Leviticus chapter 23), the death penalty is provided for the who works on the Sabbath (Ex 30:12-16). Jesus and the apostles after him, canceled the rest of the day Sabbath and other holidays (Mt 12:1-12 Jn 5:16; 9:16; Col 2:16). The Bible requires circumcision Abraham and his offspring from generation to generation (Gen 17:9-14), but his character obliga- tory was repealed by the apostles (Acts Chapter 15: Gal 5:1-6 and 6:15). The Bible prescribes the penalty of stoning tion (Lev. 20-10, Deut 22:22-23 and), but Jesus refused to apply (Jn 8:4-11). The Bible prescribes the law of talion (Ex 21:24), but Jesus declared: “You have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth. Well! I tell you not to stand up to the wicked, on the contrary, someone gives you one he bellows on the right cheek, turn to him the other also “(Matthew 5:38-39). 1 Mawsu’ah Al-al-al-qur’aniyyah mutakhassisah, p. 632-650. 2 Zayd Al-Naskh fil-Qur’an, vol. 1, p. 402-408, and vol. II, p. 904. 3 A new edition was published by Dar al-Hadith, Cairo, 1427 h 2006. 4 Authors also consider as sword verse following verses: 113/9: 29, 36, 41. See it the article by Youssef Al-Qaradawi: Al-ayat al-Hawl Jadal sayf. 5 Abyari Al-Al-Al-mawsu’ah qur’aniyyah, vol. 2, p. 540. 6 Zayd Al-Naskh fil-Qur’an, vol. 2, p. 508. 7 Al-Suyuti: al-Itqan fi ‘ulum al-Qur’an, vol. 2, p. 25-26. Page 19 19 Written reference to Jews and Christians Everything written is dependent on his surroundings and what preceded it. There is no book that can claim be totally original. However, such a statement in connection with the Koran causes a lot of irri- tion among Muslims that the Quran was revealed by God to an illiterate man, from the shelf kept with God (27/85: 22) and is the mother of the Qur’an (96/13: 39). Say that the Koran has taken stories writings that preceded Muhammad means has not received from God. This debate is not today. Already living Mohammed, his opponents accused him of plagiarizing the writings of others, accu- tion reported by the Qur’an itself (see p. former. 42/25 :4-6 and 70/16: 103). To defend themselves, their Quran on the challenge of producing a similar structure (50/17: 88), or even ten chapters (52/11: 13), or a single chap- be (87/2 :23-24 and 51/10: 38), or finally a single story (76/52 :33-34). For Muslims, the inimitability (I’jaz) of the Qur’an is a proof of its divine origin. Of course, Muslims know that the Quran contains stories and names in the Old and New Testaments. But for them, it does not the fact that Muhammad was taken from these works, but the fact that they, like the Koran, written by the same God. This is a dogma that mu- Sulman not challenge without exposing themselves to grave danger. Our goal is not to contradict this dogma, but to provide the interested reader (as do other translators: Hamidullah, 1 Boubakeur, Mandel, Masson, 2 etc..), some elements of comparison, without any pretense of completeness, we in limited to Jewish and Christian writings or apocryphal recognized that preceded the Qur’an. As the Bible stories in the Qur’an sometimes recur in different chapters (eg, his- tory in relation to Lot Sodom and Gomorrah), we have a reference to Jewish and Christian texts there where it seemed most appropriate, with cross-references to not repeat ourselves too. The read- tor interested complement these references by referring to the index at the end of the book. Method followed in the translation The Qur’an has often been translated into French, mainly by non-Muslims. But in recent de- decades, Muslims have begun to turn to translate. In our translation, we have benefited from translations mentioned in the general comments at the end of the book, follow the following steps: ► When we translate a word in a verse, we searched the term and its derivatives tra- to the whole Quran 3 and we tried to find a single French word that fits everywhere, as well as the French language permits and without doing violence to the meaning of the Arabic context. Thus the term and its derivatives are all translated by the word and its derivatives reveal fran- glish. Similarly, the term translated by mystery everywhere (see meaning given to that term in the note 87/2: 3). The term (pl. ) Can be translated either by verse or by sign (in the sense of miracle). 4 As the context may not always see which of these two senses is the most plausible, we have opted for the term single sign, since, according to the Qur’an and Muslims, each verse is a sign, a miracle. ► After the translation of words, we checked whether the relevant verse or part of this verse repeated elsewhere, and have adopted the same translation everywhere. This helped to avoid the lack of harmo- denies found in some previous translations. And Hamidullah translates verse 73/21: 7: “De- Mandez therefore scholars of the Book if you do not know, “and verse 70/16: 43:” So ask the people of remembrance if you do not know, “while the Arabic text in both verses is the same. tra-It 1 References contained in the 1 era edition published in Paris in 1963 and 12 th published edition Beirut, nd, disappeared in the edition made ​​in Saudi Arabia by the King Fahd Complex for Printing of the Holy Qur’an. 2 References contained in the edition published in Paris in 1967 in the collection of the Pleiades have disap- ru in the revised version by Sobhi El-Saleh and published in Beirut, nd, with the permission of the Azhar. 3 We consulted especially: Mu’jam alfadh Al-Qur’an, ‘Atif al-Zayn: Majma’ al-Bayan al-hadith, and research program site: Safhat al-Qur’an al-karim http://www.holyquran.net/. 4 The Gospel of Matthew says: “Then some of the scribes and Pharisees began to speak and he di- rent: Teacher, we want you fasses we see a sign. He replied: Generation and bad adultery! It demands a sign, and sign it will be given the sign of the prophet Jonah “(Mt 12:38-39). Page 20 20 verse product 41/36: 38: “This is the determination of the Almighty, the Omniscient of” verse 55/6: 96: “This order created by the Almighty, the All-Knowing,” and verse 61/41: 12: “This is the order established by the Mighty, the Knower, “while the Arabic text in the three verses is the same. It translates the verse 43/35: 38: “knows the breasts,” verse 52/11: 5: “certainly knows the breasts” Verse 57/31: 23: “knows the breasts,” verse 59/39: 7: “knows the the breasts, “verse 88/8: 43:” knows the content of hearts, “verse 89/3: 119:” knows well all the hearts, “verse 89/3: 154:” knows what is in our hearts, “the verse 112/5: 7: “knows the content of hearts”, while the Arabic text in all these verses is same. ► There are different ways to translate the Qur’an. The translator can paraphrase a passage in French ignoring all the words. This method has been followed in particular by Daouda and Chiadmi which give great freedom, especially in the laconic passages of the Koran. Then there is the tra- duction literally sticking to the root terms. This method has been followed mainly by Chouraqui, which not afraid to use neologisms and sometimes a transliteration of Arabic terms. This is it translates the invocation at the head of chapters: “In the name of Allah, the Matriciant The Matrix” under pretext that the two Arabic words Rahman and Rahim are derived from the term rahm the matrix. Chouraqui preferred to keep the term Allah, while other translations, including ours, prefer the term God. Between literal translation and translation paraphrasique, we chose a middle path, trying to take into account as much as possible of each Arabic word to make a French term. This is the method generally followed by Blachère, Hamidullah and Boubakeur. The word for word translation is this- not possible for some Arabic expressions, for which he had to find an expression French as close as possible to the Arabic expression, indicating a literal translation note. ► The Arabic language uses words to indicate gender. Current translations rarely take this into account. Thus the term is usually translated as man: the term in French both the man and the woman. However, the French correspondent of the Arabic word Is human hand, a term used in our translation. We have also translated the plural of the word by human instead of men or people. It should be noted that the term is used by the Qur’an as opposed to spirits, animals, plants and inert materials. The Arabic word which indicates a moiety reduced human translated sometimes by people, sometimes by tribe. We preferred to keep the single term people. ► Arabic terms that are equivalent Frenchified were made ​​by the latter. Thus the term shaytan has been made ​​by satan (the devil instead of) the two terms and Jahim jahannam by Gehenna (hell instead of or furnace), the term ifrit by Afrite (instead of prank or cunning), the term qalam by reed (instead reed pen or cut) the term jin by jinn (instead of mind), the term Majnun, owned by a djinn (instead of crazy or possessed by a spirit). It is the same as the names of people Abra- ham (Ibrahim), Jacob (Ya’qub), John (Yahya), Jesus (Isa), Job (Ayyub), Muhammad (Muhammad), Marie (Miriam), Moses (Musa), Noah (Nuh), or names of places like Egypt (Misr), Mecca (Mak- kah), Medina (Madinah), etc.. ► We assume that there is no perfect synonyms or Arabic or French. Therefore, we always tried to find a French term for each Arabic word. Thus, the three terms Arab are brought down respectively, reveal, inspire. The translation of Hami- dullah to mention that it does not distinguish between these three terms. Terms are translated respectively by desire, want, want. ► We avoided the use of neologisms, widely used by Chouraqui and, to a lesser degree by Zeinab Abdel Aziz, to name a few. We verified the existence of each word fran- glish, particularly in the Treasury of the French language computer (http://atilf.atilf.fr/tlfi/). When French term recognized in dictionaries seemed inaccessible to the public, we have shown its meaning in the note. We also tried to avoid paraphrases, as far as possible, to make a word or phrase in Arabic. The Qur’an is known, especially in his early chapters, its concise or terse, full of unspoken considered a mark of eloquence Arabic. Therefore, we opted for brevity in our translation to make better the spirit of the Qur’an. Thus we have translated the phrase by “Belle endurance!” (53/12: 18), instead of “It therefore remains for me a beautiful patience!” (Hamidullah). We also sought to de- Page 21 21 the reader not cover Arabist Arab expressions instead of adapting to French expressions (Eg. 52/11: 56: compare our translation to those specified in the note). ► Some verses seem incomplete. To facilitate understanding, we added between words brackets , where the meaning was clear. Sometimes we have indicated these gaps by three points above pension brackets ..., without supplement, although other translations attempt to do so (eg.: 59/39: 22 and 24). ► As mentioned above, the Islamic sources admit the existence of many variants. We indicate in the notes, but we rarely give the translation (eg.: 3/73: 17). These variations are mainly for specialists who know the Arabic language. We followed in no- the Arabic translation be as specified in the edition of the Azhar, unless otherwise indicated (eg.: 38/38: 83). ► Arabic language often uses the particle and the beginning of the sentence and where the French language is satisfactory is a comma or a point. This particle is removed from our translation when super- flue in French. ► Arabic does not distinguish between uppercase and lowercase letters. Some transla- tions use the capital for adjectives and pronouns that refer to God. We avoided this purpose. ► The Qur’an belongs to an oral culture that affects the rhyme. It is often singular to plural within the same sentence, the plural endings in one and is more appropriate to maintain the the singular rhyme. We observed this feature Koranic (eg.: 45/20: 75). ► Words or passages are ambivalent, suitable for different translations. We provide transla- tion that seems most appropriate. We note, however, in the notes for guidance, one or more translations, made ​​especially by Muslims (eg.: 39/7: 199), even when that they have copied some non-Muslim translators. This is the case, for example, differences Hamidullah your translations 1 largely dependent on the translation of Blachère. Our goal is to gift- ner the reader the choice between different translations and show the difficulty in translating some not- sages from the Koran, even by highly qualified Muslims. ► There are attempts to translate the Koran or some of its passages starting from Hebrew and syria- that. This is particularly the case of translations of Christoph Luxenberg and Bruno Bonnet-Eymard. 2 Well enriching these translations remain isolated and diverge from those known. We have sometimes disclosed in the notes to interested readers, without taking sides. Before concluding this introduction, we would like to thank Daniel Kaufmann, Olivier Michel and Frossard Moret who ensured the publication of this book Éditions de l’Aire, Quentin Ludwig, Rachid Benzine Christian Delorme and we have the honor of writing the foreword and preface, as well as those who corrected, including Lucienne Suter, Hawwâ’-Antje-Anthamatten Pastoor, Françoise Khenoune, Jacques Meylan and Gheorghii Vladimirovich Grigorieff. However, we remain solely responsible for errors and opinions expressed therein. A story of Muhammad said: “Whoever makes an effort and succeeded two merits: he that made ​​an effort and failed, has merit, the merit of having made ​​the effort. “Every translation is risky and no translator can claim perfection, even if it tries. We urge readers, whatever their religion, ac- pick this work with indulgence and give us their comments and constructive comments vi- ing to improvement in the next edition. Sami Awad Abu-Sahlieh ALDEEB email: aldeeb@bluewin.ch 1 Unless otherwise stated, we use notes in the latest edition of Hamidullah published Saudi Arabia. 2 See the bibliography at the end of the book. Page 22 22 Part I: The Meccan Koran ا لو ا : ا ن ا 610-622 According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad was born in 570. He received the pre- Miere revelation on the night of August 10 610 (27 Ramadan), called by the Muslim mans “the night of predetermination” (al-qadar laylat) which would refer- ence the Qur’an 25/97 :1-5. On 9 September 622, he left Makkah and headed Medina to visit it the first time on September 24, settled there on 4 Octo- number. This year marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar AH, which begins July 16 622 (corresponding to 1 st Muharram). Muhammad Medina died 8 July 632. Chapters revealed to Muhammad before the Hijra There are 86, according to es- estimation of the Azhar. They are what we call the Meccan Koran. They are grouped in this first part. It should be noted that the Meccan part does not exclusively the verses revealed before the Hegira. Indeed, thirty-five chapters in this part contain verses from the time hegira (Medina). We have gar- dice in these chapters. The verses are numbered as follows: ► The letter M indicates the Meccan verses. ► The letter H in red indicates the verses hégiriens (Medina). ► The first number indicates the serial number of the chapter. ► The second digit indicates the number of ordinary chapter. ► The last digit indicates the number of the verse. Page 23 1 Title from verse 2. Also translates: The junction blood (Boubakeur) The embryo (Fakhri) The things that hang (Abdelaziz) The blood clot (Masson) The hooking (Berque) The lump (Khawam). 2 Al-Rahman, translated by the Most Gracious, and Al-Rahim, translated by the Most Merciful are two Arab deities. Al-Rahman is often used in the Meccan verses of Allah as synonymous. See index under both names. We find the expression be-shem Yahweh (the name of Yahweh) in Ps 118:10-12, 124:8, Matthew 23:39. Chouraqui translated: In the name of Allah, the Matriciant the Matrix. Failing verb in this invocation, Bonnet-Eymard (vol. 1, p. 5) considers that the letter b in b-ism is an abbreviated viation of Barukh Hebrew. It translates: Blessed be the name of God. This invocation is in Ps 72:19, Genesis 24:27, Judges 5:2, 9; 9:5 Do, Dn 2:20. 3 1) ا, ا ا ♦ T1) The Arabic word iqra in this verse, usually results in reading, is closer to the text Isaiah 40:3: “A voice calling in the wilderness (qol Qore bammidbar)” and 40:6: “A voice says call (Iqra), and I said I qu’appellerai? (My iqra). ”Where our translation: calls. However, is found in Isaiah 29:11-12 the use of this term in the sense of reading: “And all the visions to become you as the words of a sealed book that is handed to someone who can read, saying, ‘Read this.’ But he replied: ‘I can not, for it is sealed. “ And presents the book to someone who can not read, saying: ‘Read this.’ But he replied: ‘I do not read “. T1) Variant: How fear you, O people, that is the day when children hoary you disbelieve in God and do not take it to be true? 9 1) 10 A1) Repealed by 98/76: 30 and 7/81: 29. Page 29 29 H-3/73: 20 1 . Your Lord knows that you stand up with a group of people who are with you, less than two third of the night, or half of it, or a third. God pre- determines the night and day. He knows that you do will count ever, and he returned to you. Read So that you can easily Quran. He knows that there be among you sick, and others who ac- wind in the earth, seeking the favor of God, and others yet who fight in the way of God. Read in so it is easy. Raise prayer give the alms purifying, R1 and lend to God a good loan. Well as you go to [the salvation of] your souls, you will find it with God bigger and better in salary. Ask for forgiveness God. God is forgiving and merciful. βÎ) R1) The alms purifying (zakat): Jacob promised God Tithing: Gen 28:22, Deut 2:22 p.m. ET prescribed in 29 for the Levite, the stranger, the orphan and the widow of the city. See also Am 4:4. 2 Title from verse 1. Also translated by: clothed with a robe (Hamidullah) It is covered with a cape (Berque) Whoever tight clothes around his body (Khawam). 3

Page 40 40 THE QURAN In a speech broadcast by television, radio and print media, the Presi- dent Sadat said: Our Quran is a complete encyclopedia that left no side life, thought, politics, society, cosmic secrets, the mys- ters of the soul,-transactions, family law, but it has not given opinion. The look wonderful, miraculous Quranic law it is necessary at any time (Al-Ahram, 6/1/1976). The Qur’an is the most influential work in the political world, and première source du droit musulman et arabe. D’où la nécessité de le lire pour mieux comprendre ses adeptes qui représentent un cinquième de l’humanité. This new edition and translation of the Koran has the following advantages: ► Elle produit la version arabe du Coran par ordre chronologique. ► Elle essaie d’être fidèle au texte arabe, donnant autant que possible, grâce à l’ordinateur, la même traduction pour chaque mot. ► Elle indique les variantes les plus importantes du Coran, les versets abrogés et ceux qui les abrogent. ► It refers to the writings Jews and Christians, as recognized qu’apocryphes. Traducteur: Sami Awad ALDEEB ABU-SAHLIEH Chrétien arabe d’origine palestinienne et de nationalité suisse. Licencié et docteur en droit de l’Université de Fribourg. Diplômé en sciences politiques de l’Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales de Genève. Responsable du droit musulman et arabe à l’Institut suisse de droit comparé à Lausanne. Professeur in- vité aux Facultés de droit d’Aix-en-Provence et de Palerme. Il est l’auteur de nom- breux ouvrages et articles.

30 August 2010 Ramadan 2010 Muslim men and women across the world are currently observing Ramadan, a month long celebration of self-purification and restraint. During Ramadan, the Muslim community fast, abstaining from food, drink, smoking and sex between sunrise and sunset. Muslims break their fast after sunset with an evening meal called Iftar, where a date is the first thing eaten followed by a traditional meal. During this time, Muslims are also encouraged to read the entire Quran, to give freely to those in need, and strengthen their ties to God through prayer. The goal of the fast is to teach humility, patience and sacrifice, and to ask forgiveness, practice self-restraint, and pray for guidance in the future. This year, Ramadan will continue until Thursday, September 9th. Editor's note: This year, I invite ... (45 photos total)

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Adil Naji writes: “Real Arabs Resist against Occupation.. And Arabs that resist against Occupation have leaders that showed them how to do it best… Gamal Abdelnaser.. Muammar Gaddafi.. Saddam Hussein.. Hafez al Assad… Yasser Arafat The rest of the Gulf Arab leaderships are Kings, Emirs and sheiks who sold their mothers and souls to US/Nato just to remain on power .. Deluded with their own titles decide to kill those who resist occupation(real arabs) and they do it in the name of their citizens (gulf).. While the gulf citizens are not happy about the killings of other Arabs which are perpetrated by their own Kings, emirs and Sheiks … These deluded bastards do all crimes to Arab people by funding Islamists who resorted to chaos and terrorism against Arabs who follow Resistance leadership in the whole of Arab world in the name of religion… Highly paid clerics on Aljazeera give fatwas on religion to legalize this Nato carnage in the Arab world in the Name of ISLAM… Cowards Gulf Kings could not do it in the Name of Arabs but manipulated religion to favor their hypocrisy in Allah himself(this is how bad Gulf kings are.. worse than iblis).. In the name of Islam Gulf Kings fund terrorists to kill Arabs who resist Occupation … For them to remain Kings they want to use religion by supporting fundamentalist islamism against the Arab people… To divide them as they subject them to rule.. Gulf Kings perpetuate sectarianism on mainstream media against resisting Arabs.. So they could divide the Arab people and religion(wahabism) is just a means on how to do it …

Just my opinion.. I dont see how wahabism gonna set Arabs free from Occupiers in the end(it halalized the presense of American/Nato bases on the cradle of Islam) ..

Its for sure Gulf wahabism(fundamentalism) isnt the right way to freedom even women cant drive until today just because they are women and second class citizens too… Islam was meant to free a woman from any oppression and domination. wahabbi islam doesnt have anything thats called freedom

The version of Islam thats against the Arab cause is wrong interpretation .. Arabs are the bearers of the message…. When Arabs are free from occupiers only then Arabs will rise as People who believed in Islam… VICTORY Jamahiriya is the only way out…

Libya became Jamahiriya 1977 and it was free ever since and now its resisting occupation of US/Nato until Libya is peaceful Jamahiriya again..”

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=265085203606494&set=a.157905070991175.32493.100003150495041&type=3&theater

Photos du journal BEING MUSLIM in Libya by Navab Farhan:

Centrality of Islam

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Photos du journal A Muslim’s guidance is the Quran and ways of Mohammad Source – by Anonymous Con

————————————– TEHRAN (FNA)- Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad met with Secretary General of the Lebanese Hezbollah Group Seyed Hassan Nasrallah in the Syrian Capital, Damascus.Seyed Hassan Nasrallah attended a dinner banquet thrown in Damascus on Thursday by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in honor of his visiting Iranian counterpart Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.Hezbollah’s Al-Manar television in Lebanon reported that Nasrallah and Ahmadinejad met to discuss “the latest developments in the region, and Zionist threats against Lebanon and Syria”. Hezbollah, originally a resistance group formed to counter an Israeli occupation of south Lebanon, forced the Israeli military out of Lebanon in 2000.Earlier on Thursday, President Ahmadinejad also met with Hamas Political Bureau Chief Khalid Mashaal, the Secretary General of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and officials of the other Palestinian groups.

Syrian official news agency SANA, Hezbollah leader sheik Hassan Nasrallah, left, speaks with Syrian President Bashar Assad, center, and Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, right, upon their arrival for a dinner, in Damascus, Syria, late Thursday Feb. 25, 2010.

The United States seeks “to dominate the region, but they sense Iran and Syria are preventing” them from realizing their goal, Ahmadinejad said.

The Iranian president also criticized the Unites States’ regional policy, saying, “Instead of interfering in the region’s affairs, pack your things and leave.”

Assad expressed strong support for the Islamic Republic of Iran, saying the U.S. stance toward Iran is another instance of colonialism in the region.

“I find it strange that they (Americans) talk about Middle East stability and peace and other beautiful principles and call for two countries to move away from each other,” Assad said when asked about Ms. Clinton’s remarks.

“We hope that others don’t give us lessons about our region and our history,” he added.

Ahmadinejad stated that the Iran-Syria alliance is unbreakable.

“Clinton said we should maintain a distance. I say there is no distance between Iran and Syria,” he noted.

Commenting on Israel’s threats, Assad said regional countries should always be prepared to respond to an Israeli attack.

Ahmadinejad said regional countries should try to create a future “without Zionism and without colonialists.”

In his talks with Hezbollah Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah, the Iranian president said the Zionist regime is afraid of the resistance and the Lebanese people.

And Israel’s latest threats show the weakness of this illegitimate regime, he stated.

Ahmadinejad said Iran supports Lebanon, adding, “The Iranian nation will always stand on the side of the resistance” and if the Zionist regime repeats its previous mistakes, regional countries will respond very harshly.

Tuesday, Feb. 16, 2010, Hezbollah members perform during a rally commemorating the 2008 assassination of Hezbollah’s top military commander Imad Mughniyeh in Beirut’s southern suburbs, Lebanon.

He also stressed the need to be prepared for an Israeli attack.

Nasrallah said Israel’s threats are empty and the Islamic resistance movement Hezbollah is not afraid of its threats.

“The Zionist regime is not in a position to start a new war. It is only trying to start a psychological war to create fear in the region,” the Hezbollah leader stated.

Tehran Times http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=214950